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Effect of Different Dates of Planting Time on Prevalence of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus and White Fly of Tomato

M. H. Rashid
Principal Scientific Officer
Pulses Research Centre, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

I. Hossain
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

A. Hannan
Scientific Officer (Farm)
RARS, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

S. A. Uddin
Lecturer (Agriculture)
Shyamnagar Mohsin College, Shyamnagar, Satkhira

M. A. Hossain
Principal Scientific Officer
RARS, BARI, Hathazari, Chittagong, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to detect effect of different dates of planting time on prevalence of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) and whitefly in tomato fields in Bangladesh. The percentage of TYLCV incidence in different date of planting time (one year from mid October, 2000 to mid September, 2001) of tomato cv. BARI Tomato 4 was evaluated. The highest TYLCV incidence (%) was observed at 75 DAP during the period of March and April, 2001 planting followed by May, 2001 planting, but the lowest TYLCV incidence (%) was found in November, 2000 planting followed by December, 2000 planting. A strong correlation was obtained between the incidence of TYLCV and number of whitefly in tomato plants.

Keywords: Planting time, Prevalence, TYLCV, Whitefly, Tomato

Location: Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-10-2000

End Date: 00-03-2001

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Virus

Objectives:

To know the effect of different planting times on prevalence of TYLCV and whitefly in tomato

Methodology:

An investigation was carried out at Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur during October 2000 to March 2001. The soil of the experimental field was sandy loam in texture having pH 6.5. The seeds were collected from Olericulture Division, HRC, BARI, Gazipur. To minimize the primary seed-borne viral pathogen of tomato, tobamoviruses (TMV, ToMV) seeds were soaked in a 10% (w/v) solution of Trisodium Phosphate (TPS) for 30 minutes and transferred them to a fresh solution of 10% TPS for two hrs and then rinsed in running tap water for 45 minutes. The variety “BARI tomato 4” was used in this experiment. Tomato seedlings were raised in a seedbed (3.0 m X 1.0 m) in the vegetable field on 16 October, 2000. Weeding, mulching and irrigation were done as and when needed. The selected land was first opened by tractor one month before planting. Several ploughings and cross ploughings followed by ladderings were done until the desired tilth was achieved. Before final land preparation, weeds and stubbles were collected and removed from the field. Finally the plots were made ready by using spade. Urea, TSP, MP and cow dung were applied in the field @ of 450 kg, 250 kg, 150 kg and 10 ton ha^-1, respectively. Half of the cow dung and the entire amount of TSP were applied during the final land preparation. The remaining cow dung and one third of MP were applied during pit preparation one week before transplanting. The entire urea and rest two third of MP were applied as top dressing in 3 equal installments at 10, 25 and 40 days after transplanting. Thirty day old seedlings were transplanted in six (3.2 m X 2.65 m) plots. Plant to plant and row to row distances were maintained as 45 cm and 60 cm, respectively. Six seedlings were planted in four rows running breadth wise to get a total plant population of 24 in each plot. TYLCV symptoms were diagnosed according to the description of “Leaf curl and yellowing viruses of pepper and tomato: an overview” by Green and Kalloo. When the seedling was established, the soil around the base of each seedling was pulverized. Staking was done to each growing plant by bamboo stick to keep them erect. Weeding, pruning and watering were done in the plots as and when necessary. No insecticide was applied to any of these plots under this experiment to give maximum opportunity for the increase of the whitefly population and also the disease incidence. The experimental plots were inspected to look for the appearance of leaf curl disease symptom at 15 days interval. Five healthy as well as five diseased plants were selected randomly from each unit plot. Data on TYLCV incidence (%) was recorded at 15 days interval commencing from 30 days after planting (DAP) up to 75 DAP. TYLCV incidence (%) and gradation were done where HR (Highly Resistant) = no leaf curl symptom, R (Resistant) = 1-25% plants infected, MR (Moderately Resistant) = 26-50% plants infected, MS (Moderately Susceptible) = 51-75% plants infected, S (Susceptible) = 76-100% plants infected and ( ) = mild to moderate symptoms. Moreover, data on incidence of whitefly population, plant height (cm), fruits plant^-1, single fruit weight (g) and yield plant^-1 (kg) were recorded. Yield of fruit was recorded once in every week.

Source of Information: J.Soil.Nature. 2 (1):01-06, (2008)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Tomato crop planted during August 2001 to September 2001 and October 2000 to December 2000 showed the lowest leaf curl disease incidence due to the lesser population of the whitefly and less infection of the disease. Higher incidence of leaf curl disease (76.96 – 89.44%) was found in the planting of February 2001 to June 2001 where the high population was also noticed. A positive correlation between the incidence of TYLCV and whitefly population (r = 0.809**) was recorded and a negative correlation (r = - 0.789**) between the whitefly population and yield of tomato was recorded.

Knowledge Management: Journal