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Bacteriological Quality of Fresh Shrimps of Natural and Artificial Habitats in Khulna District, Bangladesh

Md. Masuder Rahman
Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh; Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science & Technology University, Tangil-1902, Bangladesh

Mohammad Jakir Hosen
Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh; Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science & Technology, Sylhet- 3114, Bangladesh

Md. Hasibur Rahman
Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh; Department of Microbiology, Jahangir Nagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Md. Abul Kalam Azad
Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science & Technology, Sylhet- 3114, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

To evaluate the microbiological quality of shrimp, samples of galda (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) were collected from seven different places (four natural habitats and three artificial habitats) of Khulna district and their coliform load was determined. All of the samples contained relatively large number (1100 to ≥2400) of coliform bacteria. Samples of six habitats were found to be contaminated both with faecal and non-faecal coliform organism while samples from one habitat were found to contain only coliform bacteria of non-faecal origin. However, the presence of faecal coliform was relatively very high in number in the samples that were collected from the natural habitats while the presence of faecal coliform was very low in the samples that were collected from the different artificial habitats. The presence of faecal coliform indicated that there is a possibility of the presence of pathogenic microorganisms. Based on the results reported herein, it was concluded that the shrimp of all locations of the Khulna district were unsafe before processing.

Keywords: Artificial habitat, Contamination, Coliforms, Natural habitat, Shrimp

Location: Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Shrimp

Objectives:

To determine the prevalence of coliforms bacteria, the indicator organisms to assay the bacteriological quality of fresh shrimps. The paper reports that the fresh galda were severely contaminated with either of non-faecal and faecal coliforms.

Methodology:

Sample collection - Fresh shrimps, galda (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) were aseptically collected in sterile polythine bags from natural and artificial habitats located in Khulna district, Bangladesh. The names of natural habitat were Tatultala Char, Khulna University Bill, Krishnanagar Bill and Koyare Bazar Bill, and the artificial habitats were Joyakhali Gher, Wheather Office Gher and Sonadanga Gher. Identification of coliforms - Twenty gram of pooled or every sample from individual habitat was aseptically blended using sterile warring blender and properly mixed in 0.1% peptone water, and 10-fold serially diluted in the same medium. An aliquot (1 ml) of each diluted sample was inoculated in sterile screw capped tube containing Lauryl Sulphate Tryptose Broth (LSTB) and an inverted Durham’s tube occupied with media and incubated at 37±1°C for 24-48 h. The formation of gas in the Durham’s tube within 24-48 h was considered as preliminary positive presumptive test for coliform organisms. To confirm the preliminary presumptive test, one loopful of suspension from all positive LSTB was inoculated into sterile screw capped tube containing 10 ml of sterile brilliant green lactose broth (BGLB) and an inverted Durham’s tube occupied with BGLB, and incubated at 37±1ºC for 48 h. Formation of gas in Durham’s tube was considered as the evidence for the positive presumptive test. In the confirmative test to identify the total coliforms, one loop of suspension from positive (presumptive) BGLB tubes was inoculated into sterile eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar plates and incubated at 37±1ºC for 24 h. Different centered and metallic sheen colonies of coliforms were observed. To identify the faecal coliforms by confirmative test, one loop of suspension from positive BGLB tubes was transferred to newly prepared BGLB tube containing an inverted Durham’s tube occupied with BGLB, and incubated at 44.5±1ºC for 48 h. Gas production indicated presumptive fecal coliforms. One loop of suspension from positive BGLB tube was then inoculated into EMB plate and incubated at 37±1ºC for 24 h, and the cultural characteristics of fecal coliforms were observed in the plates. The typical colonies were further confirmed by IMViC (Indole, Methyl Red, Voges-Proskauer and Citrate). In the completed test, typical colonies were selected on the EMB plates and inoculated in nutrient agar slants as well as in lactose broth media containing Durham’s tubes. Following 18-24 h of incubation at 37°C, slant cultures were used to observe the morphologies (shape and sporolation) and Gram reactions by microscopic examination. The lactose broth was observed for the production of gas. Enumeration of Most Probable Number (MPN) - The MPN of total and faecal coliforms calculated using the MPN table based on the proportion of positive LSTB tubes (with gas production) was further confirmed with BGLB either at 37±1 °C or 44.5 ± 0.5 °C, respectively.

Source of Information: International Journal of Biosciences (IJB); ISSN: 2220-6655 (Print) 2222-5234 (Online); Vol. 2, No. 10(1), p. 61-65, 2012

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.innspub.net

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It can be inferred that the shrimp cultures in Khulna district of Bangladesh are exposed to faecal contamination, indicating the contamination by other pathogens also, and further suggested that these shrimps may contain bacterial toxin even after processing and may cause risk for health.

Knowledge Management: Journal