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A Longitudinal Study on Clinical Diseases and Disorders of Cattle and Goats in Sylhet, Bangladesh

Nasrin Sultana Lucky
Department of Surgery and Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

Mohammad Kawsar Hossain
Department of Surgery and Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

Animesh Candra Roy
Department of Surgery and Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

MD. Mahfuzul Haque
Department of Surgery and Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

AHM Musleh Uddin
Department of Surgery and Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

Md. Monirul Islam
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

Md. Matiar Rahman Howlader
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The objective of this research work was to find out the prevalence of clinically occurring diseases and the disorders in cattle and goats at the Sylhet Agricultural University area, Sylhet during January to December 2013. This clinical study was carried out on 775 clinical cases ( 553 cattle and 222 goats ) based on the general, clinical, physical and microscopical examination along with common laboratory techniques. The clinically observed cases in cattle were ( i ) gyneco - obstetrical ( 15.37%; n=85/553; P = 0. 038 ), ( ii ) metabolic and nutritional (9.94%; n=55/553; P =0.245), ( iii ) bacterial and viral (26.22%; n=145/553 ; P =<0.001 ), ( iv ) parasitic (26.58%; n=147/553; P =<0.001), and ( v ) digestive diseases (21.88%; n=121/553; P =0.008) . Similarly, in goats, the prevalences were found to be 14.41 ( n=32/222; P = 0.041), 15.76 ( n=35/222; P = 0.078), 30.63 ( n=68/222; P = 0.001), 23.87 ( n=53/222; P = 0.020), and 15.31% ( n=34/222; P = 0.069), respectively. This research work is a groundwork which may facilitate the potential researchers to investigate the details possessions for extensive therapeutic exercises in Bangladesh particularly in Sylhet region for designing the control strategies and conduct ing the treatment of infection and disorders in cattle and goats .

Keywords: Cattle, Clinical cases, Diseases, Disorders, Goats

Location: Sylhet Agricultural University area, Sylhet

Start Date: 00-01-2013

End Date: 00-12-2013

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Diseases, Cattle, Goat

Objectives:

(i) To establish the longitudinal study of diseases and disorders in animals at the Sylhet Agricultural University area, Sylhet.

(ii) To study the seasonal occurring diseases and various disorders and their percentage are followed at the clinic.

(iii) To find out the clinically occurring diseases and disorders of the cattle and goat.

Methodology:

This clinical observation was carried out at the Veterinary clinic of Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet during one year study time from January to December, 2013. For the purpose of the universal clinical prevalence of proven diseases and dis orders total 775 clinical cases ( 553 cattle and 222 goats ) were considered. For the examination of the animals clinical history of each case was cautiously recorded. On the basis of obligatory treatment the cases were alienated into five groups; (1) Gyneco - obstetrical diseases (2) Metabolic and nutritional disease and disorders (3) Bacterial and Viral diseases (4) Parasitic infestations (5) Digestive diseases and disorders. The cattle and goats were taken for treatment to the Veterinary clinic from adjacent areas to this University like Baluchor Noya bazaar, Uttar Baluchor, Polash Bari, Tilagor, Shapla Bag, Alutol, Shibgonj, Upo shahar, under the village of Tultikor Union Parishad, from Sylhet City and its surrounding area. The season comprised summer (March to June), rainy (July to October) and winter (November to February). The following events were adopted for performing of this work - (i) by general examination of affected animal, (ii) physical examination, (iii) clinical examination, and (iv) fecal examination in the laboratory In the procedure of general examination behavior, physical condition, external skin wound, posture, gait, uterine and vaginal prolapse, salivation, discharge from nasal cavity, enlargement of the abdomen, instability of locomotion were observed of the patient by visual examination and were recorded. In physical examination various parts and structures of the body were examined by palpation, percussion, auscultation with the stethoscope, needle pierce and movement of the affected animals. In clinical inspection the pulse, respiratory rate and temperature were recorded. These examinations were conducted on the foundation of the disease history and complaint of the owner’s, symptoms and techniques such as microscopical examination, commonly used laboratory techniques. In the laboratory parasitic infestations were recognized by fecal sample examination. The adequate amount of fecal samples were collected and examined by usual methods; (a) by direct smear method: a little amount of feces was positioned on a glass slide and tap water of 1 - 2 drops was poured on this slide. Spreads the diluted feces over that slide by the help of a glass rod. The coarse undigested particles were separated by glass rod, it was covered with the cover slip and the slide was directly inspected under microscope with the use of low power (10× 6 ocular) lens. (b) By flotation method: About 5 gm of feces was put in a beaker and was poured saturated salt solution of 25 mL on it. By the using of a glass rod the feces were mixing. The fecal suspension was strained and was poured the filtrate inside the glass vial up to its top. The glass slide was leaved on it for contacting the surface of the flaccid and set aside for about 30 min, after which the glass slide was detached. The flaccid holding to the slide was covered with cover slip and studied under microscope with low power lens and infrequently high power lens. The parasitic eggs were identified. Data were structured in the Microsoft ® Excel spreadsheet and the percentages of disease conditions prevalent in different groups and seasons were intended. For the significant differences in the conditions of the diseases among groups and seasons the Chi - square goodness of fit test was done.

Source of Information: Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research, Vol 3 No 1, Pages 24-37, March 2016, ISSN 231, -7710 (Electronic)

Article Link (Online Journal): doi: 10.5455/javar.2016.c128

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Various diseases are prevailing among the animals especially in cattle and goats in Sylhet region of Bangladesh. These two animals are mostly vulnerable to parasitic infestation, and are frequently affected with FMD and PPR , respectively. However, the findings of the current study can be considered as ground works which may assist the veterinarian and researchers to investigate the particular consequence for extensive curative exercise in Bangladesh, and finally for effective control and treatment of specific infection and disorders in cattle and goats of the the Sylhet region.

Knowledge Management: Journal