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Local Field Isolates of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) in Bangladesh Can Induce Higher Immune Response in Chickens Than That of the Commercially Available Ibdv Vaccines

M.K. Hossain
Dinajpur Government Veterinary College, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

M.M. Amin
Department of Microbiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M.S.R. Khan
Department of Microbiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M.R.R. Sarker
Department of Microbiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Y. Akhter
Dinajpur Government Veterinary College, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

S.M.H. Rashid
Dinajpur Government Veterinary College, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The aim of the study is to detect the causes of vaccination failure in chickens against IBD in Bangladesh. One selected local field IBDV isolate, one commercially available live attenuated IBDV vaccine Bur-706 (RP) and one killed IBDV vaccine Gumboriffa (RP) were used in this study. A total of 100 chicks (Star brow) of 0,7,14,21 and 28 days age group (taking 20 in each group) were used for study the serologic response with a selected local field IBDV isolate. Similarly two other vaccines were vaccinated in each 100 chicks of similar age groups. After collection of sera weekly for upto six weeks from all groups of birds they were subjected to SNT, PHA test and AGPT against a specific IBDV antigen. Through this investigation it was found that the local field IBDV isolate demonstrated higher serologic response than that of commercially available live or killed IBDV vaccines. So, it may be concluded that the commercially available imported vaccines can not induce sufficient immune response to protect the chickens in Bangladesh. It may be due to degradation of the vaccine quality during transportation or in a new environmental condition or due to antigenic dissimilarities among the local field virus and the imported vaccines.

Keywords: Field, Isolates, Infectious, Bursal disease, IBDV, Immune, Vaccines

Location: Dinajpur Government Veterinary College, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Chicken, Diseases

Objectives:

To detect the causes of vaccination failure in chickens against IBD in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

IBDV Field Isolates: Naturally occurring IBDV isolates were isolated from the IBDV suspected sick and dead birds collected from some selected poultry farms in Mymensingh and Dhaka region of Bangladesh. As a source of virus the bursa and spleen were collected. The isolates were identified as IBDV after cultivation in embryonated Chicken eggs (ECE) and in chickens. Later the isolates were confirmed through serum neutralization test (SNT) with (he specific antisera raised in chickens.Selection of a Local Field IBDV Isolate: A total of 6 field isolates were subjects to chicken embryo mortality test. The death pattern were recorded and the isolate showing lowest embryo mortality was selected and used in this study.IBDV Vaccines: Commercially available live IBDV vaccine BUR-706 of Rhone-Poulenc and a killed IBDV vaccine Gumboiffa of the same pharmaceutical company were collected from the local market and were used in this study.Specific IBDV Antigen: Specific IBDV antigen was collected from the Dept. of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Experimental Procedure: The selected local field IBDV isolate was inoculated intraocularly into the chicks of 0,7,14,21 and 28 days age group of birds at the dose rate of 100EID₅₀ ml. In each group 16 chicks were inoculated and 4 were kept as control. Live IBDV vaccine BUR-706(RP) was vaccinated following the same procedure and schedule described in inoculation of selected local IBDV isolate. Killed IBOV vaccine Gumboriffa (RP) was vaccinated subcutaneously at the dose rate 0.5 ml per chick following the schedule described in inoculation of selected local IBDV isolate. Sera from all group of birds were collected weekly for up to 6 weeks of inoculation and stored at -20°C. The collected sera were subjected to the serum Neutralization Test (SNT) described by Skeeles et al., Passive Hemagglutination (PHA) Test described by Aliav et al. and Agar Gel Precipitation Test (AGPT) described by Cullen et st. for detection of the antibody titre against a standared IBDV antigen.

Source of Information: Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, Year: 2004 | Volume: 3 | Issue: 2 | Page No.: 112-114

Article Link (Online Journal): URL: http://medwelljournals.com/abstract/?doi=javaa.2004.112.114

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Through this investigation it may be concluded that the commercially available imported vaccines can not induce sufficient immune response to protect the chickens in Bangladesh. It may be due to degradation of the vaccine quality during transportation or in a new environmental condition or due to antigenic dissimilarities among the local field virus and the imported vaccines. Further study should be needed to detect the protective level of immunity against IBD. to justify the quality of imported vaccines, to specify the local field IBDV strains and to prepare a suitable vaccine from the local field isolate which can protect the chickens from IBD in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal