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Influence of Plant Growth Regulators on Yield Contributing Characters and Yield of Bell Pepper (capsicum Annum) Varieties

S.K. Das
Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh

Md. Dulal Sarkar
Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh

M.J. Alam
Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh

M.G. Robbani
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh

M.H. Kabir
Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The influences of four levels of plant growth regulators on BARI Misti Morich-1 and Lamuyo varieties of bell pepper were studied at the horticulture farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from October 2012 to March 2013. Plant Growth Regulators (PGR) was applied on bell pepper varieties which had significant effect on yield of bell pepper. Among those treatments, growth regulator 4-CPA was more potential to enhance flowering by 4.00 days earlier and it also increased number of flowers plant^-1 (5%), number of fruits plant^-1 (35%), fruit setting (26.02%) and yield of fruit per hacter (39%) with the varieties of Lamuyo as compared to the fruit set where hormone was not applied. The variety Lamuyo produces about 10% higher yield than BARI Misti morich-1. Among those, growth regulator, 4-CPA showed best potentiality to solve flower and fruit dropping problem of bell pepper.

Keywords: Fruit setting, Hormone, Metabolic activities, Sweet pepper

Location: Horticulture farm, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-10-2012

End Date: 00-03-2013

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Capsicum

Objectives:

To improve production technology and introducing new variety through varietal performance for reducing flower or fruit dropping of capsicum

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at the horticulture farm, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from October 2012 to March 2013. The location of the experimental site was at 24.09°N latitude and 90.26°E longitude with an elevation of 8.20 m from sea level. The location was characterized by three distinct seasons, winter season from November to February, pre-monsoon or hot season from March to April and monsoon period from May to October. Four levels of plant growth regulators viz. control, GA₃ at 100 ppm, 4-CPA at 2000 ppm and Litosen at 1000 ppm were tested on the two varieties of bell pepper viz. BARI Misti morich-1 and Lamuyo. BARI Misti morich-1 is our domestic variety and Lamuyo is an exotic variety from France. The chemical composition of Litosen is sodium-5-nitroguaiocol 0.4%, sodium-O-nitrophenol 0.6%, sodium-P-nitrophenol 0.8% and sodium-2-4-dinitrophenol 0.2%. Required amount of PGRs was taken using electronic balance and a stock solution was prepared by dissolving in 1 mL ethanol. Then the stock solution was diluted in distilled water to prepare the working solutions, just before using. Plant growth regulators- gibberellic acid (GA₃), 4-Chloro phenoxy acetic acid (4-CPA) and litosen were applied four times at vegetative stage, flower initiation stage and two times during blooming of flowers by a hand sprayer. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The size of the each plot was 1.5 × 1.2 m. Seeds were sown in the seedbed on 10 October 2012. The soil of the experimental plot was treated by sevin 50WP at 5 kg haG1 to protect the young plants from the attack of ants and cutworm. Fertilizers were applied at 250, 330, 250, 110, 5 and 10000 kg ha^-1 for urea, TSP, MP, gypsum, zinc and cowdung, respectively. About 30 days old seedlings were transplanted into the prepared plot on 10 November 2012 maintaining the spacing 50×40 cm. Experimental field was protected by net fencing with the support of bamboo. Harvesting of fruits was done by hand picking and harvest was started at 80 DAT and continued up to final harvest based on the marketable sized of fruits. Data on days to 1st flowering, number of flowers, fruits plantG1, fruit setting percentage calculated by using the formula:
Fruit setting = Number of fruits plant^-1 ÷ Number of flowers plant^-1 ×100
Days to 1st harvest, length of fruit, diameter of fruit, thickness of paricarp, individual fruit weight, fruit yield plantG1 and fruit yield per hacter were collected.

Statistical analysis: The mean values of all the parameters were analyzed by analysis of variance and means separation was estimated by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level of probability.

Source of Information: Journal of Plant Sciences 10 (2): 63-69, (2015)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The exotic variety (Lamuyo) performed better than domestic variety (BARI Misti Morich-1). All growth regulators used in this study had a good contribution to reduce flower and fruit dropping problem and to increased fruit setting percentage of bell pepper. Among those, growth regulator, 4-CPA showed best potentiality to improve yield of bell pepper by solving flower and fruit dropping problem.

Knowledge Management: Journal