Agricultural Research Management Information System

Home
Research Summary
Search
About Us
- ARMIS
- Brochure
Contact Us
Report
User Request
Data Input
Help
- Operation Manual
  - PDF
  - Video
- Program Area & Commodity
We have reached 37600 number of research entries at this moment.

- Logout

Research Detail

Home
Research
Detail

Phytochemical Screening, Cytotoxicity and Antibacterial Activities of Two Bangladeshi Medicinal Plants

Ajoy Roy
Department of Pharmacy, East West University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Subrata Kumar Biswas
Department of Pharmacy, East West University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Anusua Chowdhury
Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh

Manik Chandra Shill
IPD Pharmacy, Square Hospital Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Sheikh Zahir Raihan
Department of Clinical Pharemacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Md. Abdul Muhit
Department of Clinical Pharemacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The objectives of the present study were to investigate phytochemical screening and to assay cytotoxicity and antibacterial activities of ethanolic extracts of leaves of two medicinal plants, Aglaonema hookerianum Schott (Family: Araceae) and Lannea grandis Engl. (Family: Anacardiaceae) available in Bangladesh. The brine shrimp lethality bioassay showed that the ethanolic extracts of Aglaonema hookerianum and Lannea grandis possessed cytotoxic activities with LC₅₀ 5.25 (μg mL^-1) and 5.75 (μg mL^-1) and LC₉₀ 10.47 (μg mL^-1) and 9.55 (μg mL^-1), respectively. Two extracts obtained from leaves were examined for their antibacterial activities against some gram positive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium and Staphylococcus aureus, also gram negative strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi and Vibrio cholerae. Agar disc diffusion method was applied to observe the antibacterial efficacy of the extracts. Results indicated that both plant extracts (500 μg disc^-1) displayed antibacterial activity against all of the tested microorganisms. These results were also compared with the zones of inhibition produced by commercially available standard antibiotic, Amoxicillin at concentration of 10 μg disc^-1. Observed antibacterial properties of the ethanolic extract of Aglaonema hookerianum Schott and Lannea grandis Engl. showed that both plants might be useful sources for the development of new potent antibacterial agents.

Keywords: Antibacterial, Cytotoxic, Bioassay, Amoxicillin, Phytochemical

Location: East West University Bangladesh, Dhaka

Start Date: 00-09-2009

End Date: 00-10-2009

Program Area: Development of Host and Medicinal Plants

Commodity: Plant(s)

Objectives:

To investigate the cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities of the leaves of Aglaonema hookerianum Schott and Lannea grandis Engl.

Methodology:

Plant materials and preparation of the extract: The medicinal plants Aglaonema hookerianum Schott and Lannea grandis Engl selected for this study were collected from Sylhet and Netrokona, respectively during the months of September-October (2009) at day time. The leaves of Aglaonema hookerianum Schott and Lannea grandis Engl. were dried at room temperature under shade and were ground into a coarse powder with the help of a suitable grinder. About 200 g of powdered material of each medicinal plant was taken in clean, flat bottomed glass container and soaked in 1000 mL of 99.8% ethanol. The containers with its contents were sealed and kept for a period of 14 days accompanied by continuous shaking with a shaker. The solvent extracted materials were filtered and the resulting filtrates were concentrated under reduced pressure. Finally, the extracts of both plants were preserved until required.

Culture media and test microorganisms: The media used for bacteria was Nutrient agar and the test organisms used in this study included both gram-positive bacteria such as (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi and Vibrio cholerae).

Standard drug: Amoxycillin was used as a standard drug in this research work and the drug was collected from Square Pharmaceuticals Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Preliminary phytochemical screening: The ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Aglaonema hookerianum Schott and Lannea grandis Engl. were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening as per procedure to identify the presence of various phytochemicals. Phytochemical screening of the extracts were performed using the following reagents: Alkaloids with Dragendroff’s reagent and Mayer’s reagent, Steroids with sulphuric acid, Glycosides with sodium hydroxide, Tannins with ferric chloride and potassium dichromate solutions, Reducing sugars with Fehling’s solution (A and B) and Benedict’s solution, Saponins with the ability to produce foams. Gum was also tested using Molish reagent and concentrated sulphuric acid.

Cytotoxic activity: The cytotoxic activity of the crude ethanolic extracts of leaves of Aglaonema hookerianum Schott and Lannea grandis Engl was tested on brine shrimp nauplii according to brine shrimp lethality bioassay. From this study, the lethal concentrations LC₅₀(μg mL^-1) and LC₉₀ (μg mL^-1) of the ethanolic extracts were determined.

In-vitro antimicrobial assay: The extracts obtained from the leaves of Aglaonema hookerianum Schott. and Lannea grandis Engl. were studied for antimicrobial activity using the agar disc diffusion method. The concentrations of ethanolic extracts of the plants and the standard drug, Amoxicillin used in this study were 500 and 10 μg disc^-1, respectively.

Source of Information: Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 14: 905-908; ISSN 1028-8880

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2011.905.908; URL: http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjbs.2011.905.908

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In conclusion, the results of this study have shown that both plants are potentially good sources of antimicrobial agents and support the traditional medicinal application of the tested plants. The broad spectra of activity of both plants extracts are promising and the isolation of active constituents of each extract can be the subject of the future researchers.

Knowledge Management: Journal