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Optimization of Dose of Pituitary Gland (pg) for Induced Breeding of Jat Puti, Puntius Sophore (hamilton)

MD. FAKHRUL ISLAM
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment on induced breeding of Puntius sophore was carried out to determine the optimum dose of PG hormone at the hatchery of the Field Laboratory Complex, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The present study consisted of four treatments (TI, T2, T3, and T4) with three replications of each. Thirty six pairs of male and eighteen pairs of female were selected from the brood rearing ponds and the average body wt of the female and male were 13±10 g and 8±14 g respectively. To observe the effective dose for induced breeding, the females were injected at the rate of 5 (TI), 6 (T2), 7 (T3) and 8 (T4) mg PG/kg body wt and correspondingly the males were administered a dose of 4 mg PG/kg body wt in all treatments. The ovulation rate, fertilization rate and hatching rate were determined. Then the hatchlings were reared in aquarium up to 30 days and survival rate was determined. The water temperature was recorded between 27 to 31⁰C during experimentation. Among the four treatments T3 showed the best result in terms of ovulation rate (95%), fertilization rate (90%), hatching rate (85%) and survival rate (84%). The present findings can be used in induced breeding of P. sophore for the development of hatchery propagation.

Keywords: Pitutary gland(PG), Induced breeding, Jat puti, Puntius sophore

Location: Field Laboratory Complex, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 16-05-2011

End Date: 10-07-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

1) To determine the optimum dose of Pituitary Gland (PG) for induced breeding of P. sophore ; and
2) To determine the ovulation, hatching, fertilization and survival rate of P. sophore;

Methodology:

Experimental site: The research work was conducted at the hatchery of the Field Laboratory Complex, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The experiment was performed during 16 May to 10 July 2011. Collection of fish: Three hundred fifty P. sophore fish were collected from the different places of the Mymensingh district where it is available in large number for experimental breeding purpose. The collected fish were stocked in the Fisheries Field Laboratory Complex, BAU, Mymensingh, during November – December 2010. Management of brood Stock: For successful induced breeding a good brood stock management practice is necessary because only the broods, which were reared with special care, can perform as good as breeders during season. Special dieting was initiated in early March and continued up to the completion of breeding activity up to July 2011. The brood fishes were reared in the predator free pond devoid of weeds with rich supply of organic nutrients. Regular manuring with cowdung was done at 15 days interval @ 5kg/decimal and fertilization was done with Urea and TSP @ 200 g/decimal and @ 100 g/decimal respectively to stimulate the growth of plankton.. Liming was performed whenever necessary @ 1kg/decimal. Special feed enriched with protein and vitamin E was formulated which enhances the gonadal maturation in fishes. The feed was supplied at 4- 5% body weight of the brood fish two times a day at 09.00 h and 17.00 h respectively. Hatchery facilities: For dose optimization breeding trials and other breeding equipment should be available. Proper water supply must ensure. The site of the induced breeding should be neat and clean, and there should be no risk for contamination. It is also an important matter that the equipment and other facilities availability in the place were also used whenever required. Experiment was done in the Field Laboratory Complex of Fisheries Faculty, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Selection of brood fish: Brood fishes were selected for brood stocking considering size, shape and colour. Only the ready to spawn breeders were selected for breeding trials. The breeder’s body structure was easily identified on the basis of external feature of their abdomen, vent and pectoral fins. Their enlarge abdomen with a softy touch (during the breeding season) enable them to be identified correctly. The average weight of the females and males were 13±10 g and 8±14 g respectively. Conditioning: Mature males and females from the brood rearing ponds were selected and immediately carried to the hatchery. Male and female fishes were kept into separate hapa in rectangular tank for about 24 hours. They were subjected to induce the breeding condition under water showering. Water flow was maintained to ensure sufficient aeration. No feed was provided during the period of conditioning. Breeding plan: For induced breeding of P. sophore male and female broods were collected from the brood rearing ponds of the Field Laboratory complex at 2:1 ratio of male and female. In the experiment, four doses of PG extract 5, 6, 7, 8 mg/kg body wt. for female fish were considered as treatments T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively and corresponding single doses of PG 4 mg/kg body weight for male fish were used with three replications of each. For each treatment 18 males and 9 females were used. So 108 brood fishes were injected for induced breeding that composed of 36 females and 72 males. Collection and preparation of PG: Locally available dry pituitary glands (PG) were collected from market in preserved condition in airtight vials. At first, the pituitary glands were gently removed from the vial with a pair of forceps and dried by using the filter paper for 2-3 minutes and then weighed by an analytical electronic balance (College B204-S, Switzerland).The amount to be weighed out was calculated based on the total body weight of all the fishes. Hormone administration: After preparation of PG extract, brood fishes were caught carefully by net, and kept in sponge and injected. They were covered by soft cloth; PG was then injected near the pectoral fin base. The amount of PG extract for each fish was determined before according to the body weight of the broods. After ovulation, female and male were selected for stripping from each treatment. For dose optimization, ovulation rate, fertilization rate, hatching rate and survival rate were determined. Determination of ovulation rate: After 12 h of injection the fishes in maximum cases were found to ovulate. Then the ovulation rate was determined. Collection of fertilized eggs and transferring to hatching tank: Then the fishes were removed from the aquaria by small net into other tanks. The eggs were transferred from the aquaria into the circular bowl for hatching. The eggs were kept in tray to examine the rate of hatching. Determination of fertilization rate: To determine the fertilization rate 10 eggs was taken in a petridish from hatching jar. Then the eggs were observed under a magnifying glass and fertilized eggs were counted with the help of a soft thin brush. The fertilized eggs were easily separated from the unfertilized eggs by the presence of transparent shell with gray spot within the eggshell, while the unfertilized eggs were opaque. The fertilization was determined. Hatching rate was determined. First feeding: The yolk sac absorption takes place after 70±2 h of hatching. After 72 h of post-hatching boiled egg-yolk provided as first food for the hatchling of P. sophore at ambient temperature of 26 to 30⁰C. After seven days Tubifex (50 %) and Ata (50 %) were used as feed. Determination of survival rate: Five days old spawns of P. sophore were stocked in glass aquarium (45x25x24 cm³) containing 10 liters of deep tube-well water in each. The experiment was designed with four treatments (T1, T2 T3 and T4) and each treatment contained three replications (RI, R2 and R3) based on the larvae of four hormone treatments of P. sophore. Hundred larvae of TI, T2 T3 and T4 were used at a stocking density of 10 spawns/L of the volume of water and were reared for 30 days. All other conditions during the experimentation were maintained in same condition. After completion of the experiment at 30th day, the number of total live larvae in aquarium was counted separately for calculation of survival rate. Statistical analysis: The results found in the experiment were subjected to statistical analysis, ANOVA, (one way) that showed the significance (P<0.05) level of differences between the treatments. This statistical analysis was performed with the aid of the computer software SPSS programme version 11.5. Significant results (p<0.05) were further tested using Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) to identify significant differences among means.

Source of Information: MS Thesis, Examination Roll No. 11 Fish M JJ-10M, Registration No. 33686, Session: 2006-07, Semester: Jan–June, 2012, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202

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Achievement/Findings:

Among the four treatments T3 showed the best result in terms of ovulation rate (95%), fertilization rate (90%), hatching rate (85%) and survival rate (84%). The present findings can be used in induced breeding of P. sophore for the development of hatchery propagation.

Knowledge Management: Thesis