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Some Aspects of Captive Breeding Biology of Mud Crab, Scylla Serrata in Bangladesh

M.G. SAROWER
Fisheries & Marine Resources Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

N. AKTAR
Fisheries & Marine Resources Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

M. MOSTAFA
Fisheries & Marine Resources Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

W. SABBIR
Fisheries & Marine Resources Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

M.S. ISLAM
Department of Fisheries & Marine Bioscience, Jessore Science & Technology University, Jessore-7408, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The aquaculture of Scylla serrata has been practiced based primarily on capture and fattening of juvenile from the wild. Due to natural dependency to culture and environmental changes, made the species a threatened one. With the aim of bringing this species into culture system, bloodstock and embryonic development, and breeding technique of the mud crab S. serrata were investigated to develop hatchery technology in Bangladesh. Ten broods of S. serrata were collected from brood rearing pond to develop a crab breeding program in hatchery. Broods were spawned within three days and hatched within 7-8 days. The average fecundity was approximately 10,00000±70750 and the hatching rate was 5%. In embryonic development, only blastula stage and in larval development, newly hatch zoea stage was identified. The high mortality rate of the embryo and larvae due to might be low dose of disinfectant and improper transportation of eggs. However, present findings will be act as the baseline for the further research to establish a hatchery which is needed for the country to sustain coastal aquaculture against natural calamities as well as diseases outbreak in the shrimp farming.

Keywords: Scylla serrata, Broodstock management, Breeding technique, Embryonic development, Larval development

Location: Munshigonj, Satkhira

Start Date: 00-09-2011

End Date: 00-03-2012

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Eel

Objectives:

To develop brood in captivity, to produce seed of S. serrata under a hatchery condition and to observe their embryonic development.

Methodology:

Broodstock management: Broodstock rearing was conducted at Munshigonj, Satkhira with the collaboration of local NGO `Sushilon` from September 2011 to March 2012. Ten ponds were selected with an average size of 30 decimal each and were prepared by sun drying method. Each pond was fenced by bamboo stick with an average height of 3 feet. Female crabs (average weight 150 ± 25.50 g) were stocked at the density of 150 pond-1 and reared for about two weeks for gonad development. Different types of trash fish were given twice daily as a live feed at the rate of 10% of the body weight. Collection and acclimatization of berried crabs: Ten berried crabs were collected from the broodstock management pond. Berried crabs were transferred and were kept at “Sundarban Galda Hatchery”, Khulna with proper sheltering. Berried mud crabs were disinfected by 0.4 ml.L^-1 formalin for 30 minutes for disinfection. After disinfection, the adult mud crabs were acclimatized by maintaining proper salinity concentration, before the initiation of trials on breeding. Before releasing berried crabs, hatchery water was filtered and then bleaching powder mixed with water at the proportion of 1 kg bleaching at 50 ton water. Brine water was mixed with water and finally, salinity kept at 30 ppt. Then, water was aerated for 12 hours and again kept for additional 6 hours for settlement. Again, water was filtered. Temperature, salinity and pH were maintained properly in the hatchery tank. However, no feed was given at that time. Observation of embryonic development and estimation of hatching rate: Released eggs of mud crabs were transferred at the Fish Biology Laboratory at Khulna University to observe the embryonic development by using microscope and photo of embryo were taken by microscopic camera (Carl Zeiss Micro Imaging GMBH, Germany). After hatching, the total numbers of hatchling were taken at 500 ml beaker. Then, one-fourth milliliter (0.25 ml) samples were counted and calculate the total hatchling followed the estimation of hatching rate. Fecundity estimation: Fecundity was calculated by gravimetric method. For this, another same size of 10 broods were collected from the broodstock ponds and the fecundity was obtained. Statistical analysis: The data were analyzed by using Microsoft excel. The linear regression was performed to indicate the relationship between body size and fecundity of the species.

Source of Information: J. Innov. Dev. Strategy 6(2):1-6 (December 2012)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present first preliminary study in the country showed 5% hatching success of the species S. serrata in captive condition. The stage of zoea was recognized in larval development. However, mass mortality limited the study to observe the late larval stages. Thus, further research is suggested on breeding of mud crab for the further proceed to establishment of hatchery in the local condition.

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