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Effect of Introgressing Dwarf Gene from Bangladeshi Indigenous to Exotic Breeds on Egg Production

T. Yeasmin
Department of Dairy and Poultry Science, Dinajpur Government Veterinary College, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

M. A. R. Howlider
Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

M. U. Ahammad
Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to assess the effect of introgressing autosomal recessive dwarf gene (adw) from Bangladeshi indigenous (deshi) dwarf (DD) chicken to Rhode Island Red (RIR), White Leghorn (WLH) and Fayoumi (FO) on body weight and egg production. Deshi normal (DN), DD, RIR, WLH and FO were used in crossings to produce 8 genotypes; RIR, WLH, FO, DN, DD, RIR x DD, WLH x DD and FO x DD. At 19 weeks of age, for separation of crossbreeds into normal and dwarf on the basis of shank length, altogether gave 11 genetic groups; RIR, WLH, FO, DN, DD, RIR x DD normal, WLH x DD normal, FO x DD normal, RIR x DD dwarf, WLH x DD dwarf and FO x DD dwarf. At 19 weeks of age, 154 pullets; 14 from each genetic group were individually caged up to 42 weeks of age to compare egg production performance. Introgression of adw gene significantly reduced mature body weight and feed intake and adw pullets utilized feed more efficiently into egg mass in comparison with their normal size counterparts. Conservation and improvement of deshi adw chicken is suggested for their future use in breeding for egg production.

Keywords: Autosomal, Dwarf, Conservation and indigenous

Location: Dinajpur Government Veterinary College, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Egg

Objectives:

To exotic stocks on body weight and egg production potential.

Methodology:

Crossing were made using RIR, WLH, FO, DN and DD to produce 8 genotypes; RIR, WLH, FO, DN, DD, RIR × DD, WLH × DD and FO × DD. Progenies were wing banded and reared separately according to genotype and shank lengths were recorded up to 18 weeks of age. At 19 weeks of age, RIR × DD, WLH × DD and FO × DD crossbreds were separated into normal sized and dwarf genetic groups on the basis of shank length. Birds having shank length of 6cm or below was considered as dwarf, while those with shank length, above 6cm were considered as normal size. As a result, 11 genetic groups were emerged; RIR, WLH, FO, DN, DD, RIR × DD normal, RIR × DD dwarf, WLH × DD normal, WLH × DD dwarf, FO × DD normal and FO × DD dwarf. At 19 weeks of age a total of 154 pullets, 14 from each genetic group were individually caged and their egg production potential were compared up to 46 weeks of age.

Source of Information: International Journal of Poultry Science 2 (4): 264-266, 2003

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In egg mass production, RIR, WLH and FO normal size crossbreeds were (10.72, 6.23 and 8.78%) superior to their dwarf crossbred counterparts. RIR, WLH and FO dwarf crossbreeds were superior (32.58, 31.76 and 28.71%), respectively to normal deshi hens whereas, normal deshi hens (4.06%) were superior to dwarf counterparts. All phenotypic dwarf crossbreeds ate less feed than their normal crossbred counterparts (p<0.01). RIR, WLH and FO dwarf crossbreeds had 10.79, 11.15 and 15.11% reduced feed intake respectively than in their normal size crossbred counterparts. Deshi dwarf hens had 23.02% less feed intake than that of normal deshi hens. Even, WLH and FO dwarf crossbreeds had lower feed intake (6.64 and 10.51%) than in normal deshi hens. The feed conversion (FC) for producing egg mass in general was higher in dwarf crossbreeds than in their normal size counterparts. However, FCE showed little variation among different dwarf crossbreeds. Introgression of dwarf gene slightly reduced egg size in dwarf crossbreeds than in their normal size counterparts. Deshi pullets had earlier sexual maturity than those did in exotic breeds and their crossbreeds. On the other hand, deshi normal had slightly earlier (1.6 days) sexual maturity than their dwarf counterparts. For RIR, crossbreeding enhanced sexual maturity both for normal and dwarf hens. In FO, crossbreeding enhanced sexual maturity in normal and delayed in dwarf crossbreeds. In general, dwarf genotypes had a marked reduced body size than their normal sized counterparts and the pure exotic breeds (p<0.01) higher (35.06 and 34.18%) body weight than their dwarf counterparts.

Knowledge Management: Journal