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Agronomic Characteristics of Jute, Kenaf and Their Plant Biomaterials Effect on Soil Nutrient

M. Nasimul Gani
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manimia Avenue, Dhaka -1207, Bangladesh

A.K.M. Maqsudul Alam
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manimia Avenue, Dhaka -1207, Bangladesh

M.R. Islam
Farm Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manimia Avenue, Dhaka -1207, Bangladesh

M.M. Rahman
Farm Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manimia Avenue, Dhaka -1207, Bangladesh

M. Nuruzzaman
Farm Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manimia Avenue, Dhaka -1207, Bangladesh

Shafi Iqbal
Farm Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manimia Avenue, Dhaka -1207, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field study was carried out with three fibre crop varieties to estimate the bulk organic materials produced by each variety and soil nutrient status due to their incorporation into soil. Considerable amount of plant biomaterials were produced by all varieties viz., CVL-1(6.4t ha^-1), O-9897(7.56t ha^-1) and HC-95(9.02t ha^-1). Plant biomaterials of each variety enriched the soil nutrient status over the initial value. Highest nutrient status (OC-1.7%, OM-2.95%, N-0.58%, P-23ppm, K-0.79meq/100) was found for variety HC-95. The highest percent increments of these nutrients over the initial nutrient of soil(INS) and not allowed to decompose the plant biomaterial in soil (NBM) [OC over INS (211%), NBM (159%); N over INS (190%), NBM (81%); K over INS (93%), NBM (72%)] were found with variety HC-95. The highest P(28%) was obtained with O-9897 where percent increment of P over INS and NBM was 115%. In production of biomaterials and enrichment of soil, Kenaf performed better than Jute varieties. The cultivation of jute and Kenaf may be an exceptional source of organic materials which may save the depleted soil of Bangladesh without using external organic matter.

Keywords: Agronomic characters, Fibre crop, Soil nutrient, Biomaterial, NBM, INS

Location: Jessore sub station, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute

Start Date: 00-00-1996

End Date: 00-00-1997

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Soil fertility, Jute, kenaf

Objectives:

To estimate the bulk organic materials produced by jute, kenaf and their plant biomaterials and improvement of soil nutrient status due to their incorporation into soil.

Methodology:

The field experiment was carried out at Jessore sub station of Bangladesh Jute Research Institute over the period 1996 to 1997. It was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The unit plot size was 3x3m², the space between plot, block and around the field was one meter. Thus the trial plot was having twelve sub plots and total land area stand at 17 x 13m². The varieties of deshi jute CVL-1, tossa jute O-9897 and kenaf HC-95 were sown in the experiment at the end of March both the years. The treatments used in the experiment were: (1) Allowed the plant biomaterials (leaves and roots) to decompose in soil and (2) Not allowed the plant biomaterial to decompose in soil. The experimental view was executed according to the work plan. Seeds were casted in line, space between line to line and plant to plant maintained 30 and 10cm respectively. A standard plant population was kept for each variety in each subplot. All the cultural practices such as weeding, thinning, insecticide and pesticides were done properly. After 45 days of plant age the leaves defoliation was started. The defoliated leaves (D₁) were collected 5 to 7 days interval till harvest (plants age at 120 days) and recorded the number of leaves as well as the weight. The collected defoliated leaves were kept in polythene bags according to the individual variety and tagged properly. At the stage of 120 days the plants were harvested and necessary data was recorded. The variety wise leaves of the plants were separated (S₁) and recorded for number and weight. To calculate the total number of leaves (LT) and its weight (LW), the defoliated leaves (D₁) and separated leaves (S₁) were taken together. There by the combined D₁+S₁ made the LT (Total No. of leaves) and similarly weight of D₁+S₁ made to LW (Total weight of leaves). In the same way to obtain the total number of roots (RT) and weight (RW) the roots of plots No 1, 2, 5, 8,11 and 12 were removed from soil at harvest date and recorded. Thus, the combination of total weight of leaves (LW) and total weight of roots (RW) obtained the total plant biomaterial (PBM). To know the effect of fibre crop cultivation on soil nutrient status the PBM were allowed to decompose in plots 3,4,6,7,9 and 10 for 70 days, simultaneously PBM were not allowed in plots 1,2,5,8,11 and 12. The soil samples were collected two times) before sowing to observe the initial nutrient status of soil (INS) and after 70 days of harvest from different sub plots to determine the nutrient status of the PBM allowed to decompose (ABM) and not allowed to decompose (NBM) soil. Soil pH was measured with distilled water (1:2.5) by pH meter; organic carbon (OC) by wet oxidation method, organic matter (OM) was calculated by multiplying the values of OC with 1.724 and nitrogen (N) was determined by Microkjeldahl method. Phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) were determined by ASI method. The particle size analysis of the soil were made by combination of sieving and hydrometeric method and textural classes were determined by Marshall's triangular coordinated curve.

Source of Information: Journal of Agronomy, 1: 80-82, 2002; ISSN 1680-8207

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/ja.2002.80.82; URL: http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ja.2002.80.82

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may be concluded that as the jute and kenaf produced large amount of biomaterials (organic materials) and enriched the soil nutrient, so fibre crop cultivation is beneficial for depleted soil and succeeding crop production of fibre crop. It is also suggested to cultivate HC-95 in more depleted soil in Bangladesh. Fibre crop should be introduced in two or three crop patterns in Bangladesh to intact soil fertility and increase crop production. Researchers also may take program to find a suitable chemical fertilizer dose for succeeding crop of jute and kenaf on the basis of available nutrient left in soil due to its (jute and kenaf) cultivation.

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