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Research Detail

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Mohammad Moniruzzaman
Riverine Sub-Station (Lake Fisheries), Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI), Rangamati Hill District, Bangladesh. Department of Marine Bio-Materials and Aquaculture, Feeds and Foods Nutrition Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737, Republic of Korea.

Kazi Belal Uddin
Riverine Sub-Station (Lake Fisheries), Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI), Rangamati Hill District, Bangladesh.

Sanjib Basak
Riverine Sub-Station (Lake Fisheries), Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI), Rangamati Hill District, Bangladesh.

Yahia Mahmud
Riverine Sub-Station (Lake Fisheries), Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI), Rangamati Hill District, Bangladesh.

Muhammad Zaher
Riverine Sub-Station (Lake Fisheries), Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI), Rangamati Hill District, Bangladesh.

Sungchul C Bai
Department of Marine Bio-Materials and Aquaculture, Feeds & Foods Nutrition Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737, Republic of Korea.

A 120-day research was conducted to evaluate the effects of different stocking densities on growth, body composition, survival, yield and economic returns of monosex male Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus in net cages in Kaptai Lake of Bangladesh. Juvenile monosex tilapia with an average weight of 15.20 ± 0.15 g (mean ± SD) were randomly stocked in 12 floating net cages (3 m × 3 m × 2 m) at densities of 50 fish/m 3 (T50), 75 fish/m 3 (T75), 100 fish/m 3 (T100) and 125 fish/m 3 (T125) in triplicate groups. Fish were fed with a commercial pelleted floating feed (29% protein) at 3-5% of body weight, twice daily in all the treatments. The physico- chemical parameters of lake water were within suitable ranges for fish cultured in cages. After 120 days of trial, growth in terms of body final length, final weight, weight gain, percent weight gain, daily weight gain and specific growth rate of fish from T50 were significantly higher than those of fish from T75, T100 and T125. Feed conversion ratio was significantly lower in T50 followed by T75, T100 and T125 consecutively. Survival rate was not significantly different in T50, T75 and T100 while lowest survival was found in T125. Significantly lower amount of body lipid and carbohydrate contents were found in T125 than those of fish from T50, T75 and T100. Gross and net production levels from T100 were significantly higher than those from T50, T75 and T125. However, the benefit cost ratio from T50 was better than those from T75, T100 and T125. The results demonstrated that on the basis of growth and economic return 50 fish/m 3 was the best stocking density for monosex tilapia culture in cages which might be technically feasible and economically viable.

  Cage culture; Stocking density; Growth; Economic return; Monosex tilapia; Kaptai lake
  Kaptai Lake near to Riverine Sub-Station (Lake Fisheries) of Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI) in Rangamati Hill District of Bangladesh.
  00-03-2012
  00-06-2012
  Socio-economic and Policy
  Tilapia

1. To investigate monosex male tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus as a potential culture species

2. To identify its suitable stocking density and yield in net cage culture system in Kaptai Lake of Bangladesh.

The present experiment was conducted for a period of four months (120 days) from March to June 2012 in Kaptai Lake near to Riverine Sub-Station (Lake Fisheries) of Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI) in Rangamati Hill District of Bangladesh. In this experiment, 12 floating net cage each having an area of 3 m × 3 m × 2 m (L × W × H, 18 m3) made of synthetic nylon net (mesh size 1.1 cm) has been installed in the lake. Each net cage was tied and hanged with bamboo pole frame and covered at the top with another piece of plastic net (mesh size 2.5 cm) to prevent escape of fish by jumping and bird predation. The bamboo poles were covered with long pieces of wooden raft for easy movement, feeding and sampling of the experimental fish on the cage structure. Empty vacuum plastic drums of 250 liters size were used as cage float for buoyancy of cage structure. The outer side of each experimental net was also covered with a fine meshed net (20 cm depth) according to surface of the lake water level to inhibit floating feeds to go out from the net and to reduce the entrance of non-caged fishes from wild sources. The whole cage structure was tied with anchors at both shore sides by nylon rope to facilitate easy floating and moving of whole cage structure with 12 individual cages depending on water level. In the present study, we tested four different stocking densities of monosex tilapia like 50 fish/m3, 75 fish/m3, 100 fish/m3 and 125 fish/ m3 designated as T 50 , T75, T100 and T125, respectively, in triplicates for each treatment group. In brief, hatchery produced and hormonally sex-reversed juvenile monosex male tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (GIFT strain) averaging 15.20 ± 0.15 g (mean ± SD) were transported to the experimental site by oxygenated polyethylene bags and they were kept in three net hapas for 24 hours for acclimation with environment and then initial length and weight of fish were recorded individually in ‘cm’ and ‘g’ with the help of a measuring scale and a digital electronic balance (OHAUS, Model CT 1200-S, USA), respectively. Finally, the cages were randomly stocked with monosex tilapia and the number of fish stocked in each cages (18 m3) were recorded simultaneously. A commercial floating pellet feed was used in the experimental period. The diet’s pellet size was 1.8-2.2 mm, and the feed contained 28.76% crude protein, 5.95% crude lipid, 14.23% crude ash and 9.43% moisture. Feeding was done at 3-5% of the initial body weight. The total amount of feed was divided into two equal rations for feeding at 8 a.m. and 4 p.m.. Feeding was done by hand very slowly and carefully to ensure ingestion of feed completely. Around 20% of fish in each treatment were sampled fortnightly in order to determine fish weight and the feed amounts were adjusted as per changes of body weight in each trial. A record of supplied feed was maintained to determine the food conversion ratio (FCR). During the study period, dead fish were recorded and removed quickly. The cages were lifted from water at every 15 days interval to check the net and for cleaning purposes. Cages were cleaned with soft brush to remove algae, sponges and other organisms. Loose twine, net mesh torn by predators, anchors and sinkers were checked routinely and immediately mended or replaced as needed. Physico- chemical parameters of water such as temperature (°C), transparency (cm), pH, dissolved oxygen, DO (mg/L), hardness (mg/L) and total alkalinity (mg/L) were monitored weekly in the morning between 7 and 8 a.m. during the whole culture period. Water temperature was recorded with a glass Celsius thermometer, water transparency was recorded with a Secchi disc, pH and DO were measured using a digital pocket pH meter and DO meter, respectively. Other chemical parameters were measured using a HACH kit box. After 120 days of trial, the whole cage structure moored to shore of the lake and all fish were harvested by repeated scoop netting and then fish were counted, measured and weighed for each cage. Proximate composition analyzes of experimental diet and whole fish body were performed by the standard methods of Association of Official Analytical Chemists. After the completion of experiment, three fishes from each treatment were collected for further analyzes of body carcass composition. For determining moisture content, samples of diets and wet fishes were dried at 135°C for 2 h. Ash content was determined by using a muffle furnace (600°C for 4 h). Crude lipid content was determined by the soxhlet apparatus using Soxtec system 1046 (Foss, Hoganas, Sweden) and crude protein content by Kjeldahl method (N × 6.25) after acid digestion, distillation and titration of samples. The samples were analyzed in the Fish Nutrition Lab, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. The mean values for water quality parameters, growth, survival and production of different treatments were subjected to one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s New Multiple Range test. All statistical analyzes were performed using SAS software version 9.1. Standard deviation of each parameter and treatment was determined and expressed as mean ± SD. Treatment effects were considered with the significant level at P<0.05.After the termination of experiment, an economic analysis was performed to estimate the net return and benefit–cost ratio on the basis of different stocking densities of monosex tilapia. At the end of the experiment, all fish were sold and the prices of fish were attributed to the Rangamati local fish market price in July 2012 and expressed in Bangladeshi taka (1US$=80 BDT). The local price per kg of monosex tilapia was 250 BDT for near or more than 250 g fish (T 50 ), 200 BDT for 200-250 g fish (T75 and T100 ) and 180 BDT for less than 200 g fish (T125 ). In the study, fish selling price was higher than normal price, because every year from April/May to June/July, Kaptai Lake is closed by the government authority for capture fishing.

  J Aquac Res Development 2015, Vol: 6(8), ISSN: 2155-9546
  http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2155-9546.1000357
Funding Source:
1.   Budget:  
  

It can be corroborated that on the basis of growth performance and economic return, 50 fish/m3 exhibited the highest performance to all stocking densities. Therefore, stocking density of 50 fish/m3 could be recommended for the successful cage culture of monosex tilapia. This study has implications of sustainable and cost-effective cage culture practices in lake environment. However, further research could be addressed on the fish stocking size and cage size.

  Journal
  


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