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Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Economic Traits in Dairy Cattle of Bangladesh

Mahmudur Rahman
Gene BD, 5/7 Lalmatia, Block E, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh.

Rejoanoul Islam
Gene BD, 5/7 Lalmatia, Block E, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh.

Mohammad Mubinur Rahman
Gene BD, 5/7 Lalmatia, Block E, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh.

Mamunul Haque
Gene BD, 5/7 Lalmatia, Block E, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh.

Tanuza Das
Gene BD, 5/7 Lalmatia, Block E, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was aimed to access information on genetic parameters i.e., heritability and genetic correlations of some economic traits of dairy cattle available in Bangladesh. For that, data materials were collected from Central Cattle Breeding Station and Dairy Farm, Savar, Dhaka recorded during 1992 to 2005 on Indigenous called Local, Friesian x Local (50 F-50% L) and Jersey x Local (50 J-50% L) cattle covered birth weight, first lactation milk yield, first lactation length and first calving interval. REML estimated heritabilities (h2) of BW were 0.365, 0.495 and 0.489 in Local, Friesian x Local and Jersey x Local cattle, respectively. The same for FLL, FLMY and FCI were 0.486, 0.428 and 0.128 in Local; 0.495, 0.495 and 0.497 in Friesian x Local cattle and 0.496, 0.499 and 0.496 in Jersey x Local cattle. The overall estimates were 0.500, 0.497, 0.498 and 0.499, respectively for BW, FLL, FLMY and FCI. The mediums to high estimates for all the traits indicate that the traits studied were largely influenced by additive gene action. Genetic correlations (rG) of BW with FLL, FLMY and FCI were very low except medium rG between BW and FCI in Local cattle. The direction of genetic association was positive except negative rG were between BW and FLMY and BW and FCI in Local cattle. First lactation length was positively genetically correlated with FLMY and FCI in a medium to high magnitudes in all the studied genetic groups. Genetic correlations between FLMY and FCI were medium in Jersey x Local cattle but low in Local and Friesian x Local cattle. The overall estimate was also low. The magnitude of REML estimated (co) variance and genetic parameters obtained in the present study were within the published range of estimates. Therefore, these estimates may be used in selection and breeding programmes for dairy cattle development in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Genetic parameters, Economic traits, Dairy cattle

Location: Central Cattle Breeding Station and Dairy Farm, Savar, Dhaka.

Start Date: 00-00-1972

End Date: 00-00-1982

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Cattle

Objectives:

To estimate heritability and genetic correlation of four economic traits in dairy cattle.

Methodology:

The experimental data were collected from the record sheets maintained at the Central Cattle Breeding Station and Dairy Farm, Savar, Dhaka. Data recorded during the period of 1972 to 1982 were included in this study. Data were taken on Local, Friesian x Local (50 F-50% L) and Jersey x Local (50 J-50% L) genetic groups of cattle born in summer (April to June), rainy (July to September), winter (October to December) and spring (January to March) seasons. Mean and Standard Errors (SE) for the studied traits e.g., Birth Weight (BW), First Lactation Milk Yield (FLMY), First Lactation Length (FLL) and First Calving Interval (FCI) were estimated using SPSS computer program. The differences in means were tested using Least Significant Difference (LSD) method. Variance and covariance components of the traits were estimated using Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) approach by VCE4 computer program (Groeneveld, 1998). For REML analyses an animal model was used keeping year of birth and season of birth as fixed effect. However, for all traits analyses were carried out both within genetic group as well as over the genetic groups i.e. pooled data. The general single trait animal model used to describe the analysed traits was (Y = Xb + Za + Wc + e) Where, Y is the vector of observation; X, Z and W are the known incidence matrices that associate with levels of b, a and c with Y; b is the unknown vector of year of birth; a is the unknown vector of animal’s breeding value; c is the unknown vector of season of birth and e is the vector of residual effects. Covariance components and genetic correlations among traits were estimated using multi-trait animal model having animals additive genetic merit as only genetic term.

Source of Information: Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, Year: 2007, Volume: 2, Issue: 1, Page No.: 9-14

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2007.9.14

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The differences observed among the estimated phenotypic and genetic parameters with that of others reported elsewhere in the world could be attributed to differences in sample size, genetic groups used, environmental conditions (feeding and management practices), models and procedures employed to estimate parameters and so on. However, since these estimates were found using data on animals maintained under the standard conditions of feeding, management and environmental conditions of Bangladesh, these values may well be used for genetic evaluation of animals at national dairy cattle herd. Moreover, the cattle breeding programme in the country need to be better organized to support scientific animal breeding practices such as individual animal recording, genetic parameter estimation using REML procedure and animal selection based of BLUP based breeding values in order to realize expected genetic improvement in the national herds.

Knowledge Management: Journal