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Effects of Ga3 and Iaa and Their Frequency of Application on Morphology, Yield Contributing Characters and Yield of Soybean

Pulak Kumar Sarkar
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Shahidul Haque
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. Abdul Karim
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effect of plant growth regulators on yield of soybean was investigated. Plants of soybean cv BS-3 were sprayed at three different times with two concentrations (100 and 200 ppm) of gibberellic acid (GA₃) and indole acetic acid (IAA). GA₃ at 100 ppm had regulatory effect to enhance the plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, leaf area per plant, number of flowers, number of pods, percentage of fruit set, number of seed per plant, seed yield per plant, 100-seeds weight and seed yield (t ha^-1). On the other hand, 100 ppm IAA produced the highest plant height, number of flowers, number of pods, percentage of fruit set, number of seed per plant, seed yield per plant and seed yield (t ha^-1), as compared to other plant growth regulators and control. IAA at 200 ppm increased number of branches, number of leaves, leaf area per plant, 100-seeds weight and net assimilation rate.

Keywords: GA3 , Glycine max (L.) Merril, Growth regulators, IAA, Mode of application

Location: Field Laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-2000

End Date: 00-02-2001

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Soybean

Objectives:

To study the effect of IAA and GA₃ in modifying the morphology, yield contributing characters and yield of soybean.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Field Laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh during the period from November 2000 to February 2001. Seeds of soybean (BS-3) were collected from the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, BAU. Land of the experimental site was ploughed and cross-ploughed three times followed by laddering. Then all the stubbles and uprooted weeds were removed and the land was made ready. Urea, triple superphosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MP) and well decomposed cowdung (CD) were applied as basal dose during land preparation to the plots @ 50, 150, 50 kg ha^-1and 6 t ha^-1, respectively. The two factorial experiment comprised of the growth regulators and their times of application was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD). The whole area was divided into three blocks and each block into 15 unit plots. The size of the unit plot was 1 x 1 m² and the distance between plots was 0.5 m. The seeds were shown in rows made by hand plough. The distances between rows and seeds were 25 and 10 cm, respectively and two seeds were placed in each point at 2-3 cm depth from the soil surface. The gaps where seeds failed to germinate were filled up within two weeks after germination of seeds. Irrigation was done as per necessity by watering cans to the young plants and by flow irrigation afterwards to maintain soil moisture at field capacity. A 100 ppm solution of IAA or GA₃ was prepared by dissolving 100 mg of IAA or GA₃ in a small quantity of ethanol prior to dilution with distilled water. Then distilled water was added to make the volume 1 liter to get 100 ppm solution. In a similar way, solutions of 200 ppm were made. A corresponding amount of ethanol was added to distilled water making the final volume 1L for application to the control plants. Soybean plants were sprayed with the solutions of GA₃ and IAA on 20 days after sowing (DAS) and/or 42 DAS by a hand sprayer. The first crop sampling was done on 20 DAS and it was continued at an interval of 20 days till physiological maturity on 80 days. At the time of each harvest, five plants were selected randomly from each plot and leaf area was measured. The height of the plants was ascertained by measuring with a scale placed from ground level to top of the leaves. Numbers of leaves and branches per plants were recorded separately at each harvest. Plant height, number of leaves per plant and number of branches per plant were recorded. Following yield contributing characters were studied: number of flowers/plant, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/plant, seed yield/plant (g), percentage of fruit set, hundred seed weight (g) and seed yield (t ha^-1) at the time of final harvest. The data were analyzed using the MSTAT-computer package program developed by Russell. The differences between pairs of means were compared by least significant difference (LSD) test.

Source of Information: Journal of Agronomy, 1: 119-122, 2002; ISSN 1680-8207

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/ja.2002.119.122; URL: http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ja.2002.119.122

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Experimental results mentioned above revealed that the morphological and yield contributing characters of soybean could be modified by GA₃ and IAA applied at all developmental stages. GA₃ and IAA brought about an improvement in the growth, flowering, fruit setting and yield contributing characters of soybean when applied twice (double spray) at 100 ppm. Late spray (single spray at 42 DAS) at 100 ppm of both the growth regulators had better performance over the control and early spray (single spray at 20 DAS).

Knowledge Management: Journal