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True Seed Production from Potato Mother Plant as Influenced by N, P and K Fertilization

Tuhin Suvra Roy
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Md. Nazmul Haque
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Rajesh Chakraborty
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Md. Shafiqul Islam
Program Coordinator, NUSRA

Md. Aynul Haque
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different levels of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P₂O₅) and potassium (K₂O) fertilizers on yield components of True Potato Seed (TPS) using crosses of MF-II and TPS-67. Twenty seven combinations of 3 N doses @ 175, 200, 225 kg ha^-1, 3 P doses @ 50, 75, 100 kg ha^-1 and 3 K doses @ 125, 150, 175 kg ha^-1, respectively were applied to MF-II. Results exhibited that different levels of N, P and/or K had significant effects on seed yield and 1000-seed weight. Out of 27 treatment combinations, 200 kg N ha^-1, 75 kg P ha^-1 and 175 kg K ha^-1 produced the highest total yield of seed (126.50 kg ha^-1), whereas 225 kg N ha^-1, 75 kg P ha^-1 and 150 kg K ha^-1 produced maximum average weight of 1000-seed (791.40 mg) and 200 kg N ha^-1, 50 kg P ha^-1 and 150 kg K ha^-1 produced the maximum total weight of seed plant^-1 (1435.00 mg). Our study showed that although 200 kg N ha^-1, 75 kg P ha^-1 and 175 kg K ha^-1 was the best combination for the production of maximum quantity of TPS, but on the basis of 1000-seed weight 225 kg N ha^-1, 75 kg P ha^-1 and 150 kg K ha^-1 combination was suitable for the production of quality TPS.

Keywords: NPK, Seed yield, True Potato Seed (TPS), 1000-seed weight

Location: Agronomy research field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-11-2013

End Date: 00-03-2014

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

To determine the optimum combination of N, P and K fertilizers for the production of TPS

Methodology:

Field Locations and Soil: This experiment was conducted at the Agronomy research field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh situated at 23⁰77´ N latitude and 90⁰37´ E longitude at an altitude of 8.6 meter above the sea level during the period from November 2013 to March 2014. The experimental site is under subtropical humid climatic conditions with a total annual rainfall was 218 mm and an average monthly maximum and minimum temperature were 29.45 C and 13.86 C, respectively. The soil of the experimental site was silt loam in texture, with pH 6.4, organic carbon 0.68%, total nitrogen 0.08%, available phosphorus 10.99 mg kg^-1, available potassium 0.05 meq/100g and available sulphur 10.5 mg kg^-1. Experimental Materials: For production of hybrid TPS, parental lines were MF-II (Solanum tuberosum L.) as female and TPS-67 (Solanum andigena L.) as male, which were promising parental lines for the production of quality TPS in Bangladesh. Procedure for Treatment Application: Twenty seven combinations of fertilizers from 3 different levels of N, P and K i.e., N₁ = 175 kg ha^-1 , N₂ = 200 kg ha^-1 , N₃ =225 kg ha^-1; P₁ = 50 kg ha^-1, P₂ = 75 kg ha^-1, P₃ = 100 kg ha^-1; K₁ = 125 kg ha^-1, K₂ = 150 kg ha^-1 and K₃ = 175 kg ha^-1 were 2 3 applied in a three factors split-plot design with 3 replications each. N was assigned to main plot, P to sub plot, K to sub-sub plot. The entire quantity of P, half K and 1/3 N were applied during final land preparation. After 30 DAP, 2/3 of N and rest of K per hectare were applied on both sides of the plant rows. After side dressing, the second earthing up was done. The rest amount of N were applied at 50 DAP just after 3rd earthing up. Production of TPS: Well sprouted whole tubers for both parental lines were planted by maintaining 75 cm line to line and 25 cm plant to plant distance. Being the prevailing climatic condition of Bangladesh is not favored to flower the potato plant, so the natural photoperiod was extended up to 16 hrs with the use of 400 watt high pressure sodium light bulbs placed 8 m above the crop field from 25 DAP up to completion of harvesting of berries. Artificial pollination (9:00-11:00 am) was done in parental lines. Staking is done to prevent the lodging of both male and female parent using bamboo sticks. Pruning and trimming was also done to provide the even intercultural operation. Extraction of TPS: Berries were harvested 5 to 6 weeks after pollination, when they just started to ripen. Berries from 5 plants in the middle row of each plot were collected in net bags and stored for 7 to 10 days at room temperature to induce after ripening. Berries were then classified into 3 sizes, i.e. large: >3 cm, medium: 2-3 cm and small: <2 cm. Well ripened soft berries were crushed mechanically, allowed to ferment for 24 hr at room temperature and then washed under running tap water through a 0.5 mm mesh strainer. The collected seeds were treated with 10% HCl for 20 min with continuous stirring and then washed well with tap water. The seeds were then treated with 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 min and finally washed 3 to 4 times with distilled water. The content was reduced to about 7% and then stored in desiccators for 15 days for further reduction of the moisture content to 4.0-4.5%. Thereafter, the seeds were weighed. characters were statistically analyzed following the analysis of variance techniques by using MSTAT-C computer package programme and the treatment means were compared by Least Significant Difference (LSD) at 5% level of probability. distribution of light and to facilitate pollination and seeds were dried at room temperature until the moisture.Statistical Analysis: The data obtained for different characters were statistically analyzed following the analysis of variance techniques by using MSTAT-C computer package programme and the treatment means were compared by Least Significant Difference (LSD) at 5% level of probability.

Source of Information: World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 12 (1): 07-14, 2016

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

There had significant response of NPK fertilizers on various components of potato berry for the production of better quality hybrid true seed. Considering the results of the present experiment, it may concluded that combination of 200 kg N ha^-1, 75 kg P ha^-1 and 175 kg K ha^-1 produced the highest TPS yield but on the basis of 1000-seed weight 225 kg N ha^-1, 75 kg P ha^-1 and 150 kg K ha^-1 produced better quality TPS compared to other combinations.

Knowledge Management: Journal