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Study of Combining Ability in White Grain Quality Protein Maize

A. Ahmed
Plant Breeding Division, BARI

M. Amiruzzman
Plant Breeding Division, BARI

S. Begum
Plant Breeding Division, BARI

S.H. Omy
Plant Breeding Division, BARI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Combining ability for yield and yield components were carried out in a 8×8 diallel cross of white grain quality protein maize to determine the GCA of the parents and SCA of the crosses. Significant general and specific combining ability variances were observed for all the characters studied. Non-additive genetic variance was preponderant for all the characters studied. The parental lines P₄, P₇& Q₆ were found to be the best general combiner for yield. The good combiner parents for different trait could be used in hybridization to improve yield as well as with desirable traits as donor parents for the accumulation of favorable genes. The significant positive SCA crosses Q₅× P_7,P₇× Q₆and P₇× Q₂along with high mean could be used for commercial variety development after verifying them in different locations.

Keywords: Diallel cross, White grain, Quality protein, Maize, Epistasis, Dominance

Location: Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Maize

Objectives:

To isolate desirable inbred lines and better combining ability parents for development of a suitable maize hybrid.

Methodology:

Eight phenotypically selected white grain quality protein maize inbred lines were mated in a 8×8 diallel fashion excluding the reciprocals during the rabi season of 2013-and 2014. The resulting 28 F₁’s and their parents were evaluated along with four checks (BARI hybrid maize 5, BARI hybrid maize 7, BARI hybrid maize 9 and 900M) in a alpha lattice design with two replications at the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur in the following rabi season of 2014-2015. Each plot consisted of single row of 4 m long. The spacing between row to row was 60 cm and plant to plant was 20 cm. One plant per hill was maintained after proper thinning. Observations were recorded on ten randomly selected plants from each plot for plant height (cm), ear height (cm), ear length (cm), ear diameter (cm), number of grains per ear and 1000 grain weight (g). Days to tasseling, Days to silking, root lodging and kernel yield were recorded on whole plot basis and yield was converted to ton/ha. Data were analyzed for variance for all the characters studied. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were estimated following Model 1, Method II of Griffing (1956).

Source of Information: Annual Research Report, Plant Breeding Division, BARI--2014-15

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The genotypes differed significantly for all the characters, indicating sufficient genetic variability presented among the traits. Three hybrids showed at per yield with commercial check 900M, while the cross P₇× Q₂ had significantly higher yield. Analysis of variance for combining ability revealed that estimates of mean squares due to GCA and SCA were highly significant for all the characters, indicating these traits are governed by both additive and non-additive gene action. Both additive and non-additive genetic variance were important for the traits, but the magnitude of SCA variance was higher than GCA for grain yield, indicating the importance of non-additive gene action (dominance and epistasis) in the inheritance of this trait. Considering the mean performance and significantly desirable SCA effects, three crosses Q₅× P_7,P₇× Q₆and P₇× Q₂ could be used for commercial variety development after verifying them in different locations and parents P₄, P₇ and Q₆ could be utilized in breeding program.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings