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Effect of Population Density of Echinochloa Crusgalli and Echinochloa Colonum on Rice

Md. Fazlul Islam
Adaptive Research Division, BRRI, Gazipur

S.M. Rezaul Karim
Department of Agronomy, BAU Mymensingh

S.M.A. Haque

Md. Sirajul Islam
Farm Management Division, BRRI, Gazipur

Md. Sirajul Islam
Agronomy Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of Echinochloa crusgalli and Echinochloa colonum on the growth and yield of rice (cv. IR50) during April to July 2002. The results showed that the effect of two weeds pot^-1 produced 70.6% yield loss of rice grain and about 97% grain yield was reduced when 8 weeds competed against a single rice plant. The reduction of rice grain at this density was the results of 42.9% reduction of plant height, 92% reduction of LAI, 72.7% reduction of tillers plant^-1, 88.5% reduction of panicles/plant and 63.8% reduction of grains panicle^-1. Further increase of weed density produced the self-thinning effect of weeds and rice yield increased in comparison to 8 weeds pot^-1. It was concluded that Echinochloa crusgalli and E. colonum produced similar effects on grain yield and other plant characteristics of rice.

Keywords: Barnyard grass, Density effect, Jungle rice, Rice, Weed

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-04-2002

End Date: 00-07-2002

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To find out the effect of different densities of the weeds on growth morphology and yield of upland rice.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in pots (30 cm diameter x 30 cm depth) during the period from March to July 2002, at Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh using complete randomized design with four replications. Pots were filled with clay loam soil and mixed with manures and fertilizers @ of 70 g cowdung kg^-1soil, 0.50 g TSP pot^-1 and 0.45 g gypsum pot^-1. Fertilizers, TSP and gypsum were applied during the pot filling on 5 April, 2002 and urea was applied as top-dressing at 15 days after transplanting (DAT) and 30 DAT @ 0.72 and 0.70 g pot^-1, respectively. Two weed species i.e. Echinochloa crusgalli and Echinochloa colonum were grown in mixture of rice using four densities, 2, 4, 8 and 16 weeds pot^-1 which were equivalent to 28, 56, 112 and 224 weed sm^-2, respectively. Monoculture of rice was also maintained for comparison of density effects. Rice and weed seeds were put in cloth bag and kept them under tap water for 24 h for sprouting. Four sprouted rice seeds were sown in the centre of the pot and sprouted weed seeds were sown surrounding the rice seedlings maintaining equal distance from each other. Pots were put in the net house. After 2 weeks of planting thinning was done keeping one healthy seedling of rice and the weed hill^-1. Unsown weeds were uprooted time to time to avoid extra competition. Data on plant height, number of tillers hill^-1 and leaf area plant^-1 were collected at 65 DAT. The number of panicles plant^-1, number of grains panicle^-1, 1000-seed weight and grain yield pot^-1 were recorded after harvest. Straw yield was also recorded after final harvest. Collected data were analyzed statistically by using the statistical package IRRISTAT. The mean values were adjudged using DMRT. Correlation between weed density and grain yield of rice was studied.

Source of Information: Journal of Agronomy, 2: 120-125, 2003; ISSN 1680-8207

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/ja.2003.120.125; URL: http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ja.2003.120.125

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results showed that the effect of two weeds pot^-1 produced 70.6% yield loss of rice grain and about 97% grain yield was reduced when 8 weeds competed against a single rice plant.

Knowledge Management: Journal