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Influence of Plant Spacing and Post Emergence Herbicide on the Yield of White Jute (corchorus Capsularis)

S.M. Masum
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

M.H. Ali
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

M.S. Islam
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

S. Sultana
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at Sher-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during April to August, 2009 with a view to find out the influence of plant spacing and weed control methods on the yield of Corchorus capsularis (cv.CVL-1). The experiment consisted of four plant spacing viz. 20 cm × 10 cm, 25 cm × 10 cm, 30 cm × 10 cm (20, 25 and 30 cm rows with plants spaced at 10 cm intervals in the row) and broadcasting and four weed control methods viz. two times hand weeding with one raking, herbicide Whip Super^® 9 EC (Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl: C₁₈H₁₆ClNO₅ ) application at 15 DAS, two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS and three times hand weeding at 15, 30 and 45 DAS. The dominant grass weeds were Cynodon dactylon (43%), Echinochloa colonam (29%) and Eleusine indica (22%). Results showed that plant spacing differed significantly and 25 cm × 10 cm spacing gave highest (3.12 t ha^-1) fibre yield which was statistically similar with 20 cm × 10 cm. Two times weeding and one raking gave highest (3.12 t ha^-1) fibre yield which was statistically similar with herbicide application (2.97 t ha^-1). Interaction effect showed highest fiber yield (4.02 t ha^-1) was obtained from 20 cm × 10 cm spacing with herbicide application. Whip Super 9 EC @ 615 ml ha^-1 effectively controlled the grass weeds providing higher fibre yield and net 7.13 Taka return per Tk. invested whereas 6.51, 5.18 and 5.34 Tk. from two hand weedings with one raking, two hand weedings and three hand weeding respectively.

Keywords: Jute, Weed control methods, Plant spacing, Herbicide

Location: Agronomy field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-04-2009

End Date: 00-08-2009

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Jute

Objectives:

To identify the optimum population density and to find out effective weed control methods for economic jute production

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during April to July, 2009. The soil of the experimental field belongs to the Shallow Red Brown Terrace Soils. Jute variety CVL-1 was used as the test crop. Two sets of treatments included in the experiment were as follows: A. Factor: Plant spacing (4) S₁ = Line sowing (20 cm × 10 cm), S₂ = Line sowing (25 cm × 10 cm), S₃ = Line sowing (30 cm × 10 cm) and S₄ = Broadcasting B. Factor: weed management (4) W₁ = Recommended practices recommended by Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (2W+1R), W₂ = 1 herbicide application (2-4 leaf stage of weed), W₃ = 2 weeding (20 and 40 DAS) and W₄ = 3 weeding (15, 30 and 45 DAS). The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications having spacing in the main plots, weeding in the sub-plots. There were 16 treatments combinations. The total numbers of unit plots were 48. The size of unit plot was 4 m × 3 m = 12 m². The plots were fertilized with the N, P₂O₅, K₂O and S in the form of urea, triple superphosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MOP) and gypsum at the rate of 76.50, 10.26, 18.00 and 8.09 kg ha^-1 respectively. One-third of N and other fertilizers were broadcasted during the time of final land preparation. The remaining two-thirds of N were top dressed in two equal splits on 20 and 35 DAS. Respective seed were sown on 6 April, 2009 by following different line sowing and broadcasting method. The seed rate was 7 kg ha^-1. At harvest each 2 m² area of one. sample was harvested from each plot leaving adequate border for recording data on plant height, top, middle and base diameter of the plants. The plant height and diameters were recorded from 10 randomly selected plants with the help of bamboo scale and slide calipers, respectively. Prior to every harvest ten randomly selected yield components. Two quadrat areas, each measuring 3 rows and 50 cm length along the row were separately harvested from each plot to record plant fibre-stick ratio and harvest index. The plants of the plots were harvested on 106 DAS. The yields from 10 plants and quadrats were added to the final yield. The data collected on different parameters were statistically analyzed to obtain the level of significance using the MStat-C. The mean differences among the treatments were compared by least significant difference (LSD) test at 5% level of significance.

Source of Information: International Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 3 (3): 82-87, (2011)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It can be concluded that plant spacing 25 cm × 10 cm spacing gave highest (3.12 t ha^-1) fibre yield which was statistically similar with 20 cm × 10 cm. Two times weeding and one raking gave highest (3.12 t ha^-1) fibre yield which was statistically similar with herbicide application (2.97 t ha^-1). Interaction effects showed the highest fiber yield (4.02 t ha^-1) was obtained from 20 cm × 10 cm spacing with herbicide application. Whip Super 9 EC^® @ 615 ml ha^-1 effectively controlled the grass weeds providing higher fibre yield and net 7.13 Tk. return per Taka invested compared to 6.51, 5.18 and 5.34 Tk from two hand weeding with one raking, two hand weeding and three hand weeding respectively.

Knowledge Management: Journal