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Effect of Irrigation and Mulch on Bushbean Production in the Hill Valley

S.N. Mozumder
Division of Horticulture, Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Chandraghona, Rangamati Hill District, Bangladesh.

M. Moniruzzaman
Division of Horticulture, Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Chandraghona, Rangamati Hill District, Bangladesh.

M.R. Islam
Division of Soil Science, Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Chandraghona, Rangamati Hill District, Bangladesh

S.M. Faisal
Division of Horticulture, Agricultural Research Station, Pahartali, Chittagong, Bangladesh.

M.A.R. Sarkar
Regional Agribusiness Manager, Agro-based Industries and Technology Development Project- Phase-II

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted in a split plot design with 8 irrigation levels with or without mulch to determine optimum level of irrigation or mulch of Dwarf French bean (Bushbean) during two consecutive cropping seasons. Straw mulch significantly increased plant height, number of pods per plant, pod yield and profitability. Irrigation influenced most of the yield attributes except pod size and number of seeds per pod. The maximum number of pods and Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) (5.03) was obtained from fortnightly flood irrigation (6 mm) with mulch while maximum pod yield (19.77 t ha^-1) was obtained from half-weekly sprinkler irrigation (3 mm). The lowest yield (10.87 t ha^-1) was obtained from control (no irrigation) without mulch. There was no significant effect of irrigation and mulch on pod size and number of seeds per pod.

Keywords: Bushben, Mulch, Pod

Location: Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Chandraghona, Rangamati hill district

Start Date: 00-11-2000

End Date: 00-03-2002

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Bush bean

Objectives:

I) To determine optimum irrigation levels to maximize quality and yield of Bushbean.

ii) To know the effect of mulch with different levels of irrigation and in water scarcity condition on French bean cultivation for higher pod yield of Bushbean in the valleys of eastern hilly region of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Chandraghona, Rangamati hill district during November 2000 to March 2002. Raikhali, Rangamati is situated in the Southeastern part of Bangladesh (Latitude 22°24’N and 91°57’E Longitude). The soil of the experimental plot was silty loam with pH 5.5 having low organic matter (0.70%) and moderate (3.79 cm h^-1) percolation rate. A split plot design was followed with 16 treatments under two factors. Factor A including 8 irrigation levels viz., I₁ = two flood irrigation (6 mm i.e. 6 L m^-2)/week, I₂ = two sprinkler irrigation (3 mm i.e. 3 L m^-2)/week, I₃ = one flood irrigation/week, I₄ = one sprinkler irrigation/week, I₅ = one flood irrigation/two week, I₆= one sprinkler irrigation/two week, I₇ = traditional (farmers practice/one flood irrigation (6 mm) before flowering), I₈= Control or no irrigation and the factor B including straw mulch (M₁) or without mulch (M₂). The unit plot size was 2x5 m with 25x10 cm plant spacing accommodating 400 plants plot^-1. The land was manured and fertilised with compost, N, P₂O₅ and K₂O @ 5000, 50, 75 and 60 kg ha^-1 in the form of compost, urea TSP and MP. The entire amount of compost, TSP and half of urea and MP were applied at the time of land preparation and rest of urea and MP was applied at 30 days after planting. Weeding and other cultural practices were done as and when necessary. Scheduled irrigation was started from 4th weeks after germination and it was continued up to 10th week. In this system, I₁ and I₂ required 14, I₃ and I₄ required 7, I₅and I₆ required 14 and I₇ required only one irrigation in the cropping season. Irrigation was done by watering cane and it was considered as sprinkler irrigation method. Flood irrigation was done by power pump where, source of water is river, with shower for sprinkler irrigation and flood irrigation without shower. Data were taken from randomly selected 20 plants for individual plant performance and from one square meter for per hectare yield.

Source of Information: Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 4 (3): 275-278, 2005 (ISSN 1682-3974)

Article Link (Online Journal): http://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=ajps.2005.275.278&org=11

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the present result, it was revealed that mulch are more appropriate in the water stress condition. Only mulching can provide a reasonable yield of Bushbean where, irrigation facilities are not available (Treatment I₈). Fortnightly flood irrigation with straw mulch was found to be the best for profitably Bushbean production in the eastern hilly area of Bangladesh.

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