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Influence of Ga3 and Mh and Their Time of Spray on Morphology, Yield Contributing Characters and Yield of Soybean

Md. Shahidur Rahman
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Nashirul Islam Md
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Abu Tahar
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M. Abdul Karim
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of plant growth regulators and their time of spray on morphology, yield and yield contributing characters of soybean. Plants of soybean Cv. PB-1 were sprayed three times (T₁= spray at 15 DAS, T₂ = spray at 30 DAS and T₃ = spray at 45 DAS) with two concentrations (100 and 200 ppm) of gibberellic acid (GA₃) and maleic hydrazide (MH). Significant variations exist among the concentrations of growth regulators and with their time of application in respect of morphological, yield and yield contributing characters of soybean. T₂ followed by T₃produced the tallest plant with the highest number of branches, leaves, flowers, pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant, 100-seed weight and seed yield (t ha^-1). T₁ produced the least of them. GA₃ was more effective than MH. GA₃ at 100 ppm followed by GA₃ at 200 ppm produced the highest number of branches, leaves, flowers, pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant, 100-seed weight and seed yield (t ha^-1) while 200 ppm MH was least effective to produce them. The present study clearly shows that almost all the plants treated with growth regulators performed better than control. However, interaction effect indicated that 100 ppm GA₃ treated plants sprayed at 30 DAS (T₂C₃) showed the best performance.

Keywords: Gibberellic acid (GA3), Maleic hydrazid (MH), Morphology, Soybean (Glycine max L), Yield

Location: Field laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Start Date: 00-12-2001

End Date: 00-03-2002

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Soybean

Objectives:

To study the influence of GA₃ and MH on the morphological and yield contributing characters of soybean and to know the most suitable time of spraying of growth regulators to improve its production.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the field laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from December, 2001 to March, 2002. A single variety of soybean (Glycine max L. Cv. PB-1) was used in the present study. The two-factor experiment {Factor A (growth regulators): C₀ = Control, C₁ = 100 ppm MH, C₂= 200 ppm MH, C₃ = 100 ppm GA₃, C₄= 200 ppm GA₃and Factor B (time of spray): T₁ = 15 days after sowing (DAS), _T2= 30 DAS, T₃ = 45 DAS} was laid out in split plot design with 4 replications. The size of the unit plot was 1x1 m and the distance between plots was 0.5 m. The plots were raised up to 15 cm from the soil surface. The plots were fertilized with cowdung, urea, triple super phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MP) and gypsum @ 6 t ha^-1, 50, 150, 100 and 80 kg ha^-1, respectively. Total amount of cowdung, urea, TSP, MP and gypsum were applied as basal dose during land preparation. The seeds of soybean were sown on December 11, 2001 with a spacing of 20x10 cm and 2 seeds were placed in each point at 2-3 cm depth from the soil surface. At 15 DAS, seedlings were thinned to one per point. Intercultural operations were done as and when required. Plant growth regulators were prepared following the procedure mentioned below and spraying was done at noon by using a hand sprayer.

A 100 ppm solution of GA₃was prepared by dissolving 100 mg of GA₃ in a small quantity of ethanol prior to dilution with distilled water. Then distilled water was added to make the volume of 1 L to get 100 ppm solution. In a similar way, solutions of 200 ppm were prepared. An adhesive namely, tween 20 @ 0.01% was added (2 drops/100 mL) to each solution^[9]. Solutions of MH were prepared in a similar process followed for the preparation of GA₃ solutions. A corresponding amount of ethanol was added to distilled water making the final volume 1 L for application to the control plants. The adhesive, tween 20 @ 0.01%, was added to the control one. The first crop sampling was done on 20 DAS and it was continued at an interval of 20 days till physiological maturity at 100 DAS. At the time of each harvest, three plants were selected randomly from each plot. The height of the plants was ascertained by measuring with a graduated scale placed from ground level to top of the leaves. Number of branches and leaves per plant were recorded separately at each harvest. Total leaf area of individual sample was measured by an electronic leaf area meter (LI 3000, USA). Yield and yield contributing characters like number of flowers, pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant, 100-seed weight and seed yield (t ha^-1) were also recorded. Data of the experiment were analyzed statistically and the differences between pairs of means were compared by DMRT.

Source of Information: Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 3 (5): 602-609, 2004 (ISSN 1682-3974)

Article Link (Online Journal): http://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=ajps.2004.602.609&org=11

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In conclusion, experimental results mentioned above revealed that both GA₃ and MH brought about an improvement in morphological and yield contributing characters of soybean. Late spray (T₃) of both regulators had better performance over the control and early spray (T₁). However, interaction effect indicated that 100 ppm GA₃ treated plants sprayed at 30 DAS (T₂C₃) showed the best performance. Further investigation may be undertaken with lower concentrations than 100 ppm and concentrations between 100 and 200 ppm which may contribute better effect in changes the morphological and yield contributing characters of soybean.

Knowledge Management: Journal