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Effect of Different Types of Settling of Different Varieties on the Yield and Yield Contributing Characters of Sugarcane

M.S. Rahman
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Kuasha Mahmud
Bangladesgh Sugarcane research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh

M.S. Hossain
Bangladesgh Sugarcane research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh

M. Eunus
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was carried out at Modhupur agro-ecological zone during the period from October 1995 to December 1996 in order to study the effect of different types of settling of different varieties on the yield and yield contributing characters of sugarcane. The yield and yield contributing characters were influenced by the variety and the different types of settling. Results revealed that the variety Isd 16 exhibited the best performance in terms of number of millable cane, weights, heights and finally cane yield. The local variety Misrimala produced higher number of tillers and lower number of millable cane than Isd 16 but yet it produced significantly higher cane girths and weights. The modern varieties Isd 16 and Isd 18 produced higher numbers of millable canes than Misrimala. The polythene bag settling appeared superior to two eyed soil bed settling following by one eyed soil bed settling. The variety Isd 16 produced the highest yield (144.5 t ha^-1) with polythene bag settling. In contrast, one eyed soil bed settling yielded the lowest (112.6 t ha^-1) with Isd 21.

Keywords: Settings, Varieties, Sugarcane

Location: Sreepur Farmers’ filed under the district of Gazipur of Modhupur agro-ecological zone

Start Date: 00-09-1995

End Date: 00-12-1996

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Sugarcane

Objectives:

The present study was under taken in the farmers field to select suitable sugarcane variety/varieties for the Modhupur agro-ecological zone of Bangladesh and to find out suitable types of settling for spaced transplanting technique of sugarcane.

Methodology:

An experiment was conducted at Sreepur Farmers’ filed under the district of Gazipur of Modhupur agro-ecological zone during the cropping season through September 1995 to December 1996. The land is flat, well drained and above flood level. The soil of the experiment field was silty loam with pH 5.3. The experiment used four varieties: Isd 16, Isd 18, Isd 21 and Misrimala and three types of settling namely one eyed polythene bag, one eyed soil bed and two eyed soil bed. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design assigning varieties in the main plot and sugarcane settlings in the sub-plots with three replications. The climate of the location is characterized by its heavy precipitation during April to October. The monthly average temperature, humidity, total rainfall and sunshine hours at the experimental station during the study period were collected from the weather yard of cotton seed Multiplication farm, Sreepur, Gazipur. The varieties were harvested separately during the last week of September 1995. The canes were cut into pieces of one and two eyed setts separately for different treatments. The canes were cut for one eyed polythene bag technique just above 1.5 cm from the node (consisting one viable eye bud) and below 3.0 cm from the node; for one eyed soil bed technique, just 2.5 cm above and below the node (consisting one viable eye bud); and for two eyed soil bed technique, 2.0 cm from the two internodes (consisting two viable eye buds). In case of bag settlings 12.0x15.50 cm polythene bags were selected and four holes were made on the bottom of the bags to avoid water logging. Soil and cowdong were mixed and polythene bags were filled with it. One eyed setts prepared for one eyed polythene bag technique were placed in side the bags in a vertical position covering them with thin layer of soil. The bags were then placed in 1.5x10.0 m nursery beds. For soil bed settlings 10.0x1.5 m nursery beds were made. The composition of the soil and cowdung mixture was 3 : 1. The beds were 12.0 cm up from ground level. One eyed and two eyed setts prepared for S₂and S₃ techniques were placed such a way that the eye buds lay by the side of individual setts for the individual variety and technique separately. A little soil was spread over the setts. After that, the beds were covered with a thin layer of rice straw. As per requirement of the soils and settling, sufficient water was supplied to the nursery beds through the whole period before transplantation of the settling to the main field. The land was prepared using country plough. After four ploughing the trenches were made using spades with a row distance of 100.0 cm and a depth of 12.0 cm. Recommended doses of NPKS fertilizers (urea : 375 kg; TSP : 280 kg; MP : 280 kg and Gypsum : 188 kg ha^-1 were used in the experiment. Whole doses of TSP and Gypsum and 1/3 of Urea and 1/3 of MP were applied as basal doses in the trenches before planting of settling. Rest of the Urea and MP fertilizer were top-dressed in two equal splits at 150 and 180 days after transplanting of settling. The settling of the four varieties were transplanted at spacings of 100 x 45 cm in the main field and covered with thick loose soil on November, 1995. Just after plantation life irrigation was given for proper establishment of the settlings. The mulching of the top soil was done with a hand weeder 15 days after transplantation of the settlings. The experiment plots were weeded out four times. Since there were infestation of insect pests, plant protection measures were needed to be taken for the crop. Earthing up and tying of sugarcane were done after 140 days of transplanting. From the growing period to harvest, the harvesting data on different parameters were collected separately in the following manner. Individual plots were inspected 25 days after transplanting and settlings were counted and recorded. Mortality percentage were then calculated out. Tillers from 10 randomly selected clumps were counted at 30 days intervals beginning after 60 days transplantation until 180 days transplantation. The sugarcane were harvested in the December. At the time of harvest data on millable cane stalk weight; girth; height; number of internode; brix percent and number of millable cane stalks were taken for individual varieties. After cutting the cane with a sharp knife just above ground level, the cane stalks were detrashed. All cane stalks of two middle rows in each plots were weighed by; a balance in kilo grams for different treatments separately. The diameter of cane stalks were measured. Average of bottom; middle and top of 20 individual canes girth were taken using a steel centimeter tape for each plot. At harvest period 20 cane stalks were selected randomly and the length of individual cane was measured from the bottom to the top using a meter tape. After detrashing the leaves, 20 cane stalks were selected randomly and the number of internodes of individual cane were counted. Immediately after harvesting the percentage brix were taken using a hand refractometer. Average of bottom; middle and top of a cane stalk were calculated from 20 individual canes for all treatments. After harvesting,the total number of millable cane stalks were counted from all treatments separately. All millable cane stalks were harvested from two middle rows of each unit plot and weighed. Cane yield was calculated and converted to t ha^-1. The collected data on mortality(%), number of tillers, number of cane, weight of individual cane, cane girth, cane height, number of cane internodes, cane yield and cane brix(%) were statistically analyzed and the mean differences were adjusted by Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT).

Source of Information: Journal of Agronomy, 3: 11-17, 2004; ISSN 1680-8207

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/ja.2004.11.17; URL: http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ja.2004.11.17

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Results revealed that the variety Isd 16 exhibited the best performance in terms of number of millable cane, weights, heights and finally cane yield. The local variety Misrimala produced higher number of tillers and lower number of millable cane than Isd 16 but yet it produced significantly higher cane girths and weights.

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