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Nitrogen Fertilizer Effect on the Agronomic Aspects of Asparagus Racemosus

K.L. Hossain
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M.M. Rahman
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M.A. Banu
Department of Agricultural Chemistry,Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

T.R. Khan
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M.S. Ali
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This research paper attempts to investigate the performance of Asparagus racemosus grown by the application of different forms and doses of nitrogen fertilizer at the Germplasm Centre (GPC) of the Fruit Tree Improvement Program (FTIP), Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during February to October, 2005. The treatments consisted of prilled urea and super granule urea at 0, 100, 200 and 300 kg N ha^-1 concentrations. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The number, length, diameter and both fresh and dry weight of tuberous roots were found higher with super granule urea than that of prilled urea. Root protein content was found to be 25.20% higher in super granule urea treated plants compared to prilled urea. The rates of nitrogen also had a significant effect on plant height, leaves number and number, length, diameter and both fresh and dry weight of tuberous roots when compared to 0 kg N kg ha^-1 to the rest of the rates. Root protein content was 21.87, 12.5 and 14.06% higher than the control at the 100, 200 and 300 kg N ha^-1 concentrations, respectively. Therefore, application of 100 kg N ha^-1 as super granule urea was found to be sufficient for the sustainable production of tuberous roots of Asparagus.

Keywords: Asparagus racemosus, Nitrogen fertilizer, Tuberous roots

Location: Germplasm Centre, Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-02-2005

End Date: 00-11-2005

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Asparagus

Objectives:

To investigate their effects on agronomic characters of the Asparagus racemosus.

Methodology:

The research was conducted at the Germplasm Centre, Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during February to November, 2005. The experimental field is located at 24°75' N latitude and 90°50' E longitude, with a height of 18 m above the sea level. The agro-ecological region is the Old Brahmaputra Floodplain (AEZ-9) which occupies the Brahmaputra sediments, deposited before the river shifted into its present channel about 200 years ago. The soil of the experimental site is silty loam belonging to the Brahmaputra alluvial tracts. The experimental field was a medium high land having pH value of 6.50-7.00. The experimental field was cultivated 20 days before sowing with a tractor drawn disc plough. It was further ploughed and cross ploughed 6 times with the country plough each time followed by laddering. Triple Super Phosphate (TSP), Muriate Of Potash (MOP) and cowdung were applied at the rate of 200, 300 kg and 10 t ha^-1during the final land preparation. The land was cleaned by collecting and removing the weeds, stubbles, crop residues etc. The plots were prepared and well drainage systems were made around individual plots. Seeds were collected from plants at the BAU, Horticultural farm. The seedlings were planted by the dibbling method in January 20, 2005. The seedlings were placed in furrows and immediately covered by soil. A spacing of 40x25 cm was maintained with continuous distribution of seedlings in rows in each plot. Factor A: Forms of nitrogen fertilizers as: • N1 (Urea Prilled) • N₂ (Urea Super Granule) Factor B: Different doses of nitrogen fertilizers as: • D0 (0 kg N ha^-1) • D₁ (100 kg N ha^-1) • D₂ (200 kg N ha^-1) • D₃ (300 kg N ha^-1) The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with 8 treatments in each block and 3 replications. The experimental area was divided into three blocks. Each block was divided into 8 unit plots. Block to block distance was 75 cm. Each plot contained three plants. Total number of plots was 24. The area of the each unit plot was 1 m² (1x1 m). The distance between two unit plots were 50 cm. There was a weed-free border of 10 cm around the experimental field. Half of the entire amount of the nitrogen fertilizer treatments was applied after one month of transplanting and the remainder applied after two months of first fertilizer application. The fertilizer was applied in a ring around the plants. The first weeding was done 20 days after transplanting when the plants were 15-20 cm high. Additional weeding was done at 25-30 days interval. The experimental plot was irrigated twice by a watering cane. The first irrigation was required at 20 days after planting and the second at 55 days. At the time of irrigation, sufficient care was taken to avoid the flow of irrigation water from one plot to another. The field was frequently observed for changes in plant characters, pests and diseases of plants. The tuberous roots were harvested on the 18th August, 2005 when the plants were fully matured. Randomly selected plants from each plot were harvested separately and plant height (cm), number of leaves, branches and collar diameter plant-1 and also number, length (cm) and diameter (cm) of the tuberous root were recorded. The length and diameter of tubers were measured with a slide caliper. Fresh weight of tuberous roots (g) was taken just after harvest and dry weight of tuberous roots was recorded after oven drying at 70°C. The dried samples were ground by grinding machine for chemical analysis. The prepared samples were stored in paper bags and held in desiccators until analyzed. Chemical analysis included the estimation of protein and N. The samples were digested and extracts were prepared following the method. Sample extracts were held in plastic bottles for the analysis. Root nitrogen of tuberous roots was determined by the semi-micro kjeldahl method. Root protein content was also calculated.

Source of Information: Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 5 (6):1012-1016, 2006 (ISSN 1682-3974)

Article Link (Online Journal): http://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=ajps.2006.1012.1016&org=11

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the present study, it is concluded that application of urea super granule at 100 kg N ha^-1 was highly effective for optimum growth and tuberous root production of Asparagus. A higher rate of nitrogen fertilizer should not be used considering production cost, its negative impact on tuberous root production and the risk of ground water contamination through leaching.

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