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Growth and Yield Performance of Tomato Genotypes as Influenced by Phosphorus

M. A. Rahaman
Regional Coordinator
Incidin Bangladesh

M. A. Kawochar
Scientific Officer
Plant Genetic Resources Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur

M. M. Rahman
Professor
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensigh

M. H. R. Pramanik
Professor
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensigh

A. S. M. A. Hossain
Deputy Assistant Director
National Security Intelligence, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was carried out at the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from November 2006 to March 2007 to study the effect of different levels of phosphorus (0, 40, 60 and 80 kg ha^-1) on growth and yield of three tomato genotypes (CLN-2026, BINA tomato-4 and BINA tomato-5). Results revealed that morphological growth, yield contributing characters and fruit yield were significantly influenced by different levels of phosphorus. Plant height, branch number, leaf number, fruit cluster number and fruit number plant^-1 increased with increasing phosphorus levels up to 80 kg ha^-1, but from the economic point of view, 60 kg ha^-1 was the best for the fruit yield (2.83 kg ha^-1). However, among the genotypes, BINAtomato-4 and BINAtomato-5 (2.4 kg ha^-1) performed well in respect of growth, yield contributing characters and fruit yield.

Keywords: Growth and yield, Phosphorus, Tomato genotypes

Location: Crop Botany farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-2006

End Date: 00-03-2007

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

To find out the optimum level of phosphorus for maximizing growth, yield and yield contributing characters in tomato genotypes

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out in earthen pots at the Crop Botany farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from November 2006 to March 2007. Soil used in the experiment was sandy loam and belongs to the Old Brahmputra Flood Plain Alluvial Tract, under Sonatola soil series. The pH of the soil was 6.3 with organic matter content of 1.21%, total nitrogen 0.072%, phosphorus 18 ppm, potassium 0.27% and sulphur 11 ppm. Total rainfall of the locality was 80.20 mm during the experimental period. Two tomato varieties viz. BINA tomato-4 and BINA tomato-5; and one genotype CLN-2026 were used as planting materials. Seeds were collected from the Genetics and Plant Breeding Division, BINA, Mymensingh. Four levels of phosphorus viz., 0, 40, 60 and 80 kg ha^-1 and the three genotypes of tomato were used in 12 treatment combinations. Experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Seedlings were raised in trays in BINA Farm office. After sowing, the seeds were covered with light soil. Seedlings emerged within 4-5 days of sowing. Necessary shading by bamboo mat was provided over the seed bed to protect the young seedlings from scorching sunshine and heavy rain. Weeding, mulching and irrigation were done as and when required. The processed soil samples were placed in 36 earthen pots (30 cm diameter and 40 cm depth) at the rate of 10 kg pot^-1. Recommended dose of fertilizers were added and thoroughly mixed with the soil before putting them in the pots. Healthy seedlings (30 days old) were transplanted in the experimental pots in afternoon and light irrigation was given immediately after transplanting. Nitrogen, potassium, sulphur and boron were applied at the rate of 200, 180, 50 and 2 kg ha^-1 in the form of urea, muriate of potash, gypsum and borax, respectively. TSP was applied according to the treatments. All fertilizers except urea were applied as basal. First half of urea was applied at 15 days after planting (DAT) and the remaining at 45 DAT. Intercultural operations were performed as and when required throughout the growth period of the crop. Unnecessary side buds and matured dry leaves were removed at the time of fertilizer application. Plants were supported by sticks. Weeding and irrigation was done as and when required. Malathion 57 EC was applied fortnightly to prevent the insect. During foggy weather precautionary measure against disease infestation especially late blight of tomato was taken by spraying Diathane M-45 fortnightly at the rate of 2 g L^-1. Ripen fruits were harvested at 3-5 days interval from 01 to 20 March, 2007. Plant height was measured from the sampled plants of each pot from the ground level to the tip of the longest stem. Branches number of individual plant of each treatment was counted. Total number of leaves plant^-1 from each pot was counted at flowering and fruiting stage and their average was taken as the number of total leaves plant^-1. Number of fruit cluster^-1, cluster plant^-1, fruit plant^-1 and total fruit weight (kg plant^-1) was counted from each pot while the single fruit weight (g) was calculated from ten sampled fruits. All the data were analyzed for ANOVA with the help of computer package program MSTAT. The pair comparisons were performed by DMRT at 5% levels of probability.

Source of Information: J. Expt. Biosci. 2(1): 79 – 84, (2011)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among the genotypes, BINAtomato-4 and BINAtomato-5 (2.4 kg ha^-1) performed well in respect of growth, yield contributing characters and fruit yield.

Knowledge Management: Journal