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Effects of Different Nitrogen Levels on the Morphology and Yield of Blackgram

M.U. Kulsum
Breeding Divbision, BRRI, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M.A. Baque
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Bangladesh

M.A. Karim
Department of Agronomy, BSMRAU, Salna, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of blackgram (Vigna mungo L) under various levels of nitrogen at the Agronomy Research Site of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University during March to June 2002. Two varieties of blackgram- BARI mash 3 and BINA mash 1 and six levels of nitrogen i.e., 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg N ha^-1 were the treatment variables. Different morphological characters including grain yield were affected significantly by the nitrogen levels. The longest plant was measured with 100 kg N ha^-1 whereas largest leaf area was obtained with 80 kg N ha^-1. BINA mash 1 was longer than BARI mash 3. Yield and yield contributing characters were affected significantly by different levels of nitrogen. The highest grain yield was obtained with 60 kg N ha^-1 in both the varieties, thereafter the grain yield declined. Application of 60 kg N ha^-1 favored most of the yield contributing characters that contributed the maximum grain yield production at this level of N. Between the two varieties of blackgram, BARI mash 3 out yielded BINA mash 1 at all levels of nitrogen. It was obvious that grain yield of blackgram can be increased substantially with the judicious application of N.

Keywords: Morphology, Yield, Nitrogen level, Blackgram

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-03-2002

End Date: 00-06-2002

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Black gram

Objectives:

To evaluate the beneficial effects of different levels of N alone and in combination with variety on plant height, leaf area development, yield and yield contributing characters of blackgram.

Methodology:

A field experiment was conducted at the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur during Kharif -1 season (from March to June 2002). The soil of the experimental field was silty clay under salna series with pH 6.5. The experimental soil contains 0.159% total N, 0.619% organic carbon, 0.312 meq exchangeable P/100 g soil, 0.38 meq exchangeable K/100 g soil and CEC 22.54 meq/100 g soil. The experimental site is situated in a subtropical environment having frequently rainfall during March to June. The experiment was laid out in a factorial RCBD with 3 replications.

Treatment combination: Two varieties of blackgram with six level of nitrogen fertilizer constituted the following treatment combinations.

B1 N0: BARI mash-3 with 0 kg ha^-1 level of nitrogen fertilizer; B1 N20: BARI mash-3 with 20 kg ha^-1 level of nitrogen fertilizer; B1 N40: BARI mash-3 with 40 kg ha^-1 level of nitrogen fertilizer; B1 N60: BARI mash-3 with 60 kg ha^-1 level of nitrogen fertilizer; B1 N80: BARI mash-3 with 80 kg ha^-1 level of nitrogen fertilizer; B1 N100: BARI mash-3 with 100 kg ha^-1 level of nitrogen fertilizer; B2 N0: BINA mash-1 with 0 kg ha^-1 level of nitrogen fertilizer; B2 N20: BINA mash-1 with 20 kg ha^-1 level of nitrogen fertilizer; B2 N40: BINA mash-1 with 40 kg ha^-1 level of nitrogen fertilizer; B2 N60: BINA mash-1 with 60 kg ha^-1 level of nitrogen fertilizer; B2 N 80: BINA mash-1 with 80 kg ha^-1 level of nitrogen fertilizer and B2 N100: BINA mash-1 with 100 kg ha^-1 level of nitrogen fertilizer.

The well-prepared soil was fertilized at the rate of 50 and 36 kg P and K per ha. Nitrogen are six levels of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 kg ha^-1. Half dose of N and full dose of P and K were applied as basal at the time of seed sowing. Seeds were sown on 9 March, 2002 with 10x30 cm² spacing; light irrigation was given to establish the seedlings properly. Excess seedlings were removed on March 20 to retain one seedling per hill. The crop was top-dressed with rest half of N on April 6, 2002.

Leaf Area Index (LAI): Leaf Area Index (LAI) was calculated using the following formula

Yield parameters of blackgram was determined from a sampled area of 1.8 m² and converted in t ha^-1 at 11% moisture content. For yield attributes of blackgram ten plants were selected at random from each treatment and pods per plant, seeds per pod, pod length and seed size were recorded.

Statistical analysis: The data recorded on different plant characters were statistically analyzed with the help of MSTAT program. The differences between the treatment means were compared by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test.

Source of Information: Journal of Agronomy, 6: 125-130, 2007; ISSN 1680-8207

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/ja.2007.125.130; URL: http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ja.2007.125.130

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest grain yield was obtained with 60 kg N ha^-1 in both the varieties, thereafter the grain yield declined. Application of 60 kg N ha^-1 favored most of the yield contributing characters that contributed the maximum grain yield production at this level of N.

Knowledge Management: Journal