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Effect of Corm Size and Nitrogen on the Growth and Flowering of Gladiolus (gladiolus Grandiflorous L.)

Shahed Ahmed
Department of Horticulture and Postharvest Technology, Sher-e-Bangla Agriculture University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Shamima Sultana
Tuber Crops Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur

Md Abu Kawochar
Tuber Crops Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur

Sauda Naznin
Tuber Crops Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur

Fateh Un Tuli
Department of Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agriculture University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of corm size and nitrogen on the growth and flowering of gladiolus. The experiment considered with three corm sizes viz. small (11-20g), medium (21-30g) and large (31-40g) and four levels of nitrogen viz. 0, 80, 100 and 120 kg ha^-1. Both corm size and nitrogen exhibited significant effect in almost all parameters studied. Considering the corm size, a gradual increasing trend in plant height, number of leaves plant^-1 and length of leaves found with small to large sized corm. The highest length of flower stalk, length of rachis, number of floret spike^-1, percentage of flowering plant and number of spike ha^-1 were recorded in large sized corm. Considering the nitrogen fertilizer, the number of leaves plant^-1 and width of leaves increased gradually with increasing nitrogen fertilizer. The highest length of flower stalk, rachis, number of floret spike^-1, weight of single spike at harvest, percentage of flowering plant and number of spike ha^-1 were recorded in the plot treated with 120 kg nitrogen ha^-1. Considering the combined effect of corm size and nitrogen fertilizer, the highest length of flower stalk (76.53 cm), length of rachis (40.05 cm) at harvest, percentage of flowering plant (98.52%) and number of spike ha^-1 (193920) was recorded from the plot of large sized corm with 120 kg nitrogen ha^-1, whereas the lowest length of flower stalk (42.23 cm), rachis (19.67cm) percentage of flowering plant (56.64%) and number of spike ha^-1 (145150) were recorded in the plot of small sized corm with no nitrogen. The highest net return (686845.2) and benefit cost ratio (2.464) were also obtained from the treatment combination of large sized corm and 120 kg nitrogen ha^-1.

Keywords: Corm size, Nitrogen, Growth, Fowering, Gladiolus grandiflorous L.

Location: Horticulture farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agriculture University, Dhaka

Start Date: 00-01-2014

End Date: 00-08-2014

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Gladiolus

Objectives:

To determine the growth and flowering performance of gladiolus under different combination of corm size and nitrogen

Methodology:

The present experiment was carried out at the Horticulture farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agriculture University, Dhaka to investigate the effect of corm size and nitrogen on the growth and flowering of gladiolus in summer season. The experiment was considered with corm sizes viz. small (11-20g), medium (21-30g) and large (31-40g) and levels of nitrogen viz. 0, 80, 100 and 120 kg ha^-1. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with 3 replications. The size of the unit plot was 0.75m x 0.60m and corms were planted with spacing 20 cm x 15 cm. Standard production and cultural practicing packages were followed for raising healthy crops. Cow dung applied at 10 t ha^-1. Nitrogen as urea fertilizer was applied as per treatments. Phosphorus as Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) and potash as Murate of Potash (MOP) fertilizers were applied at 225 kg ha^-1 and 190 kg ha^-1 respectively. The entire amount of cow dung and TSP was applied during final land preparation. Nitrogen was applied as top dressing as per treatment with 3 equal splits at 15, 30 and 45 days after germination. MOP was applied in two installments at 25 and 50 days after planting. Harvesting was done during 23 July to 16 August. Plant height (cm), number of leaves plant^-1, length of leaves (cm) and width of leaves (cm) were recorded at 30, 45 and 60 days after planting (DAP).The data were also recorded for emergence of plant, length of spike at harvest (cm), length of rachis at harvest (cm), number of floret spike^-1, weight of single spike (g), percentage of flowering plant (%) and number of spike ha^-1 (‘000’). The recorded data of different parameters were statistically analyzed using MSTATC software. The means were adjudged by LSD test at 5% probability. The cost of production was analyzed in order to find out the most profitable treatment combination of corm size and nitrogen. All the nonmaterial and material input costs and interest on fixed and running capital were considered for estimating the cost of production. The interests were calculated 13% for each year.

Source of Information: Emer Life Sci Res; 1(1): 18-25, (2015)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The large size of corm (31-40 g) and 120 kg nitrogen ha^-1 each was found to be best in respect of plant growth and flowering. Thus, combination of large sized corm (31-40 g) and 120 kg nitrogen ha^-1was also found to be the best for the growth and production of flower of gladiolus and was profitable.

Knowledge Management: Journal