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Effect of Sowing Date and Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Attributes of Faba Bean (vicia Faba)

M. A. Kawochar
Scientific Officer
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur

M. J. Ullah
Professor
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

S. A. Sardar
Professor
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

M. K. Saha
Principal Scientific Officer
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur

M. A. Mannaf
Principal Scientific Officer
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy field, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka to evaluate the effect of sowing date and fertilizer on yield and yield components of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) during the period from October 2006 to March 2007. Three sowing dates (October 20, November 20 and December 10) and four fertilizer combinations (6-20-20-15, 12-40-40-30, 18-60-60-45 and 24-80-80-60 kg N P₂O₅ K₂O S /ha) obtained from four levels each of N (6, 12, 18 and 24 kg/ha), P₂O₅(20,40,60 and 80 kg/ha), K₂O (20,40,60 and 80 kg/ha) and S (15, 30, 45 and 60 kg/ha) were used as treatment variables. Sowing dates showed significant influence on yield attributes and yield. The highest grain yield (9.69 g/plant) was obtained from November 20 sowing and the lowest (2.60 g/plant) from December 10 sowing. Fertilizers also showed significant influence on yield attributes and yield. The highest grain yield (8.94 g/plant) was obtained when 18-60-60-45 kg N P₂O₅ K₂O S /ha were applied and the lowest (4.44 g/plant) in 6-20-20-15 kg N P₂O₅ K₂O S /ha. The interaction effect of date of sowing and fertilizer levels was also significant. Seed yield (11.98 g plant^-1) and the harvest index (39.14%) was the highest in 15 November sowing fertilized with 18-60-60-45 kg N P₂O₅ K₂O S /ha.

Keywords: Faba bean, Sowing date, Fertilizer

Location: Experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

Start Date: 30-09-2006

End Date: 28-02-2007

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Faba bean, Fertilizer

Objectives:

To evaluate the productivity and nutritional aspects of faba bean in relation to varying sowing dates and fertilizer doses

Methodology:

The research work was carried out at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, during the period from October 2006 to March 2007. The soil of the experimental plots belonged to the agro-ecological zone of Madhupur Tract (AEZ-28). Initial soil samples from 0-15 cm depth were collected from experimental field. The collected samples were analyzed at Soil Resources Development Institute (SRDI), Dhaka, Bangladesh. The soil contained organic carbon – 0.45%, organic matter – 0.78%. total nitrogen – 0.07%, phosphorus – 22.08 μg/g soil, sulphur 25.98 μg/g soil, magnesium – 1.00 meq/100 g soil, boron – 0.48 μg/g soil, copper 3.54 μg/g soil and zinc - 3.32 μg/g soil. The seeds were collected from the local farmers of Harirampur Thaana in Manikgonj district. The land was first opened with a tractor drawn disc plough and then brought into desirable fine tilth by 4 operations of harrowing and cross harrowing followed by laddering. Experimental land was divided into unit plots following the design of randomized complete block design (factorial) and basal dose of fertilizers was incorporated thoroughly as per treatment. N, P₂O₅, K₂O and S were applied as basal dose in the form of urea, TSP, MOP and gypsum. Each treatment was replicated three times in 3 m x 2.5m plots. Treatments consisted of three sowing dates (20 Oct. = S₁, 15 Nov. = S₂ and 10 Dec. = S₃) and four fertilizer combinations (6 kg N + 20 kg P₂O₅+ 20 kg K₂O + 15 kg S ha^-1= F₁, 12 kg N + 40 kg P₂O₅+ 40 kg K₂O + 30 kg S ha^-1 = F₂, 18 kg N + 60 kg P₂O₅ + 60 kg K₂O + 45 kg S ha^-1 = F₃ and 24 kg N + 80 kg P₂O₅ + 80 kg K₂O + 60 kg S ha^-1 =F₄).
The seeds were sown in solid rows in furrows having a depth of 3-4 cm on dates as per treatment. Row to row distance was 40 cm and plant to plant 20 cm. Thinning was done two times; first at 12 and second at 20 days after sowing (DAS) maintaining plant population density of 1, 25,000 plants ha^-1. The crop field was weeded thrice; at 12, 20 and 40 DAS respectively. At early stage of growth few worms (Agrotis ipsilon) and virus vectors (jassid) and at the latter stage pod borer (Maruca testulalis) attacked the plant. Cymbuse 50 EC was sprayed at the rate of 1 litre ha^-1 two times respectively. Ten plants from each treatment were randomly sampled and marked with sample card. Harvesting was done when 90% of the pods became brown to black in color. From these sampled plants data on number of filled pods plant^-1, number of unfilled pods plant^-1, number of pods plant^-1, number of seeds pod^-1, 1000- seed weight (g) grain weight plant^-1 (g) and dry matter m^-2 were recorded. Harvest index (HI) was estimated on the m^-2 total dry matter and dry yield basis. The data were statistically analyzed and the means were compared by DMRT.

Source of Information: J. Expt. Biosci.1(1):43-48, (2010)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may be concluded that the faba bean could be sown on 15 November and should be fertilized with 18-60-60-45 kg N P₂O₅ K₂O S ha^-1.

Knowledge Management: Journal