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Biodiversity and Seasonal Abundance of Small Indigenous Fish Species (sis) in the Rivers and Adjacent Beels of Karimganj (kishoreganj, Bangladesh)

Rownok Jahan
Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh.

Md. Abdul Quaiyum
Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh.

Bhakta Supratim Sarker
Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh.

M. Belal Hossain
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei.

K. M. Khalid Bin Jaman
Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh.

S. Rahman
Australian Rivers Insstitute, Griffith University,170 Kessels Road, Nathan,QLD 4111, Australia.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Small (length <25 cm) indigenous fish species (SIS) play an important role in providing animal sources of protein in the poor rural houses of Bangladesh. They are also valuable sources of vitamin A, calcium and Iron. But since the green revolution started in Bangladesh their diversity has been decreased alarmingly. This investigation was carried out from December 2010 to November 2011 in the riversand beels of Karimganj Upazila, Bangladesh to assess the biodiversity status of SIS. The samples were collected from Balikhola fish landing centre and the area was visited at least once in a month. However, during the study period, only 30 species belonging to 7 orders and 15 families were identified where 19 species had normal abundance, 6 species moderate abundance and 5 species least abundance. The highest number (9) of species was recorded from the family Cyprinidae and Puntius sophore being the most dominant. Among the families, contribution of Cyprinidae was 30%, followed by Bagridae and Schilbeidae 10%, Channidae and Clupeidae 6.67% and rest of the each family was 3.33%. The species comprised 39% catfishes, 22% minnows, 17% barbs, 10% perch, 5% snake heads, 2% gourami, and river shads, loaches, gar, glass fish, goby were 1% individually. The highest number of species (25) was found in October and the lowest (3) in February. The maximum yield of SIS was found in (Sep-Dec) period and the least availability of SIS found during (Jan-Apr). Among the fish species, 2 were considered as critically endangered (CR), 4 were endangered, 3 were vulnerable (VU) and 2 were Data Deficient (DD). From this repot, general people, researcher and policy makers would be able to know about the valuable SIS fishes of the study area, their present biodiversity status and their seasonal abundance. The information will be helpful for proper conservation and management of the SIS.

Keywords: SIS, Biodiversity, Seasonal abundance

Location: Balikhola Fish Landing Center of Karimganj Upazila

Start Date: 00-12-2010

End Date: 00-11-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

To gather knowledge on the present status of biodiversity and seasonal abundance of SIS in the study area.

Methodology:

The study was conducted from December 2010 to November 2011 mainly in the Balikhola Fish Landing Center of Karimganj Upazila (24°.30'N 90°.87'E). The study area was about 45 km far from the Kishoreganj district town. The Fish Landing center is bounded by mainly Dhanu River in the east and Kalapania beel in the south. Other adjacent rivers and beels include Narsunda, Bathail, Singua, Balia, Bara, Sukhua and Kalai. Fishes from these water bodies are also sometimes landed here. This landing center has a major role in total SIS distribution and marketing of Kishoreganj district. The study was based on survey, and data were collected from wholesaler/aratdar, fishermen, retailers and other related persons by interview. Data were also collected by using PRA (participatory rural appraisal) tools about species diversity, seasonal abundance and production and baseline information. The entire areas of the beels and part of Dhanu river were visited by boat and surrounding land areas were also visited. For justification of the collected data, cross check interview were conducted by key informants, such as Upazilla Fisheries Officer. Research papers on the fish fauna of Bangladesh were also consulted towards compiling the past data of abundance and availability for assessing biodiversity status. The Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) technique was used for gathering baseline information about the landing site and beels, their resources, seasonal availability of SIS and related problems. Specific information regarding the abundance, fishing and marketing of SIS were also collected during PRA session. The tool used to conduct the PRA was Focus Group Discussion, which included all of the important stakeholders, such as fishers, aratdars, government officials and local people. Monthly fish samples were collected from the landing center. The samples were preserved with 10% formalin and brought to the Fisheries Laboratory of Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali for further identification. From the samples, catch rate and species composition were analyzed. After that, weight (g) of each of the species was taken and the percentage composition of each of the species was calculated. The collected fish samples were identified to species level using standard taxonomic viz., Rahman (2005) and Freshwater Fishes of Bangladesh and Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh, FAO identification sheets, ITIS (Integrated Taxonomic Information System) standard report (http://www.itis.gov), Fish Base (http://fishbase.org) and other reference books. All data were analyzed with Microsoft Excel 2007.

Source of Information: Asian Journal of Animal Sciences, 8: 38-46, 2014, ISSN 1819-1878

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/ajas.2014.38.46, URL: http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ajas.2014.38.46

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

According to the fishermen and local community living around the area, some SIS of the area are either extinct or in the verge of extinction due to habitat destruction, indiscriminate fishing and pollution. In the current study 4 barbs were found in the landing center which indicate the alarming decline of barb species.

Knowledge Management: Journal