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Identification of the Suitable Milk Recording Protocol for Small-scale Dairy Production

S. Ghosh
Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Science University, Khulshi, Chittagong, Bangladesh.

M.K.I. Khan
Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Science University, Khulshi, Chittagong, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to identify a suitable milk-recording protocol for small-scale dairy production. Data from Holstein-FriesianxLocal and SahiwalxLocal crossbred cows on 2 selected farms in Chittagong metropolitan area of Bangladesh form 2010 to 2011 was used to compare and evaluate the co-efficients of 3 different mathematical models of lactation curve for daily and test-day milk yield. The estimated model co-efficients and the 210 days predicted lactation milk yields varied significantly between crossbreds. The models were evaluated with 3 fit statistic values (Coefficient of Determination (R²), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Coefficient of Variation (COV)). The highest lactation milk yield was found for Friesian x Local on Farm 1. The average daily milk yield of Friesian x Local was higher than Sahiwal crossbreds in both the farms. The Wood model was found to be suitable to transform test-day milk yield into a 210-days predicted milk yield for all crossbreds based on higher R²and COV and lower RMSE values. The test-day milk yield of 1 and 2 weeks interval was found to be best fitted with the actual 210-days milk yield by using Wood model for both crossbreds.

Keywords: Crossbred, Test-day milk yield record, Lactation curve, Fit-statistics

Location: Chittagong metropolitan area of Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-11-2010

End Date: 00-06-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Milk

Objectives:

(1) To estimate the actual milk yield of different genotypes.

(2) To simplify the milk-recording protocol through comparing actual and predicted milk yield by using different lactation models and

(3) To chose a suitable milk recording interval for small-holder dairy production.

Methodology:

Data used in this study was 210 days daily milk yield records collected from November 2010 to June 2011 on 137 cows from two selected dairy farms in Chittagong metropolitan area of Bangladesh. The available genotypes were Holstein-FriesianxLocal (86) and SahiwalxLocal (51) crossbred and the cows were in third lactation. Milk recording was performed by the appointed data collector. Milk recording data was collected on daily (24 h) basis in a standard record sheet. The daily milk yield was estimated by adding the morning (AM) and evening (PM) milk yield. The actual 210 days milk yield per cow was calculated by adding all days recorded milk yield data. The mean and standard error for 210 days milk yield of Holstein-FriesianxLocal and SahiwalxLocal crossbred cows under two farming conditions was analyzed using PROC GLM of SAS (2000). The mean differences were estimated using Least Significant Differences (LSD) test. For the simplification of milk recording, the recording was simulated by putting the intervals between the milk recording (test-days (TDs)). The interval between 2 test-days (TDs) milk recording was gradually increased from 4 up to 7, 14 or 30 days, respectively. Following three lactation curve models were used to predict the 210 days milk yield from the different milk recording protocol: • Quadratic polynomial model, Y= a+ bx+cx^{2 ,}• Wood (1967) model, Y = ax^be^-cx, • Wilmink (1987) model, Y = a+bx+ce^-dx where, Y is milk yield (kg day^-1), x is the days in milk and a, b, c and d are co-efficient that define the shape of the lactation curve.

The Wood model was log linear transformed; then for the Wood model and quadratic polynomial regression equation, the test day milk yield was set as dependent variable and days in milk was set as independent variable for obtained the model co-efficient. The models were analyzed by using the SAS (2000). The Wilmink model was reduced to a 3-co-efficient linear model by setting the d exponent to a suitable fixed value. In the present study, d was assumed equal to 0.05 according to Khan (2009). Along with model co-efficient the fit statistics, R² (coefficient of determinant), COV (coefficient of variation) and RMSE (Root mean square error) were also obtained by SAS analysis. The predicted milk yields were obtained by using the model co-efficient with days in milk as independent variables.

Source of Information: International Journal of Dairy Science, 9 (4): 124-131, 2014; (ISSN 1811-9743

Article Link (Online Journal): http://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=ijds.2014.124.131&org=10

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This study indicated that the Wood model was the most suitable to transform test-day milk yields into a 210 days predicted milk yield for all crossbreds based on higher R²and COV and lower RMSE values. It was seen that one week (7 days) interval test-day milk recording was good fit with actual 210 days yield. However, two weeks (14 days) interval test-day milk recording was best fit with that of actual 210 days milk yield by using Wood model for both crossbreds based on the different fit statistics value. The Holstein-FriesianxLocal genotypes fitted better than SahiwalxLocal for all models.

Knowledge Management: Journal