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Antioxidant Potential and Nutrient Content of Selected Small Indigenous Species of Fish

Sunuram Ray
Centre for Integrated Studies on the Sundarbans, Khulna University, Khulna -9208, Bangladesh

M. Iqbal Ahmed
Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

M. Muslima Khatun
Fisheries & Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

M. Ashkar Bin Sayeed
Fisheries & Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

M. Saifuddin Shah
Fisheries & Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

M. Golam Sarower
Fisheries & Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The antioxidant level and nutrients in sixteen small indigenous fish species (SIS) of Bangladesh; eight marine and eight freshwater were measured by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and 2, 2-Diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazil, 95% (DPPH) free radical scavenging method. The IC₅₀ determined by DPPH varied from 327.04±0.06 μg/ml to 1888.21±0.10 μg/ml of wet weight. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in Heteropneustes fossilis followed by Mystus gulio, Hemirhamphus gaimardi, Mystus vittatus, Megalaspis cordyla, Silonia silondia, Colisa fasciatus, Amblypharyngodon mola, Oxygaster phulo, Gobioides anguillaris, Chela laubuca, Plotosus canius, Channa orientalis, Mugil cephalus, Coilia dussumieri and Tetraodon cutcutia. The protein and lipid contents of the selected SIS ranged between 21.43 to 8.59%, and 7.22 to 1.75%, respectively. The study suggests the presence of potent antioxidant and appreciable amount of nutrients in selected fish samples. The top four potential SIS species consist of appreciable amount of protein and antioxidant are Mystus gulio, Silonia silondia,Heteropneustes fossilis and Colisa fasciatus.

Keywords: Antioxidant activity, Proximate composition, DPPH frees radical scavenging, SIS

Location: Khulna

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

To assess antioxidant activity of SIS and proximate composition, which indicate the desirability of the species from nutritional perspectives.

Methodology:

Sample collection and preparation: Eight marine SIS species namely Mystus gulio, Hemirhamphus gaimardi, Silonia silondia, Gobioides anguillaris, Coilia dussumieri, Mugil cephalus, Megalaspis cordyla, Chela laubuca and eight freshwater SIS species namely Heteropneustes fossilis, Amblypharyngodon mola, Oxygaster phulo, Channa orientalis, Mystus vittatus, Tetraodon cutcutia, Plotosus canius, Colisa fasciatus were collected from different fish markets in Khulna, Bangladesh. After washing with distilled water, the muscle from collected fishes was separated from fish body by a sharp blade except A. mola. Because of smaller size whole A. mola was used in sample preparation. Then 100-150 gram sample was homogenized in ethanol and filtered it. The filtrate was kept in the shaking water bath at 40ºc for drying. The fish extract was taken in a small vial and serial dilutions (0, 1, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500μg/ml) of fish extracts were prepared in ethanol. In this study, ascorbic acid (1, 5, 10, 50, 100 and 500μg/ml) was used as a reference standard antioxidant. The samples were analyzed for antioxidants, moisture, protein, lipid and ash in triplicate. Estimation of antioxidant activity: Initially antioxidant activity was determined by TLC method. After applying DPPH on the TLC plates, yellow or whitish color on purple background was observed in the ethanol extracts of fishes. Yellow or pale yellow color on indicated the presence of antioxidant components in the sample. Then, radical scavenging activity of fish extracts against stable 2,2 diphenyl 2 picryl hydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) was determined by the slightly modified method. Freshly prepared DPPH solution (0.004% w/v) was taken in the test tubes, then extracts (stock solution) were added to the tubes and shaken vigorously so that the final volume was 3 ml. In the dark condition the tubes were allowed to stand for 30 min for the reaction to occur. The absorbance was determined at 517 nm using a spectrophotometer (HITACHI U-2910). First, the % inhibitions of DPPH free radical was measured, then % inhibitions were plotted against concentration and IC₅₀was measured. Analysis of proximate composition: Standard methods were followed for the analysis of proximate composition. Statistical methods: The results were expressed as Mean±SD. T-test was used to examine the difference between antioxidant level of freshwater and marine water species.

Source of Information: pharmacologyonline 2014 • vol.2 •39-44 ISSN: 1827-8620

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest antioxidant activity was observed in Heteropneustes fossilis followed by Mystus gulio, Hemirhamphus gaimardi, Mystus vittatus, Megalaspis cordyla, Silonia silondia, Colisa fasciatus, Amblypharyngodon mola, Oxygaster phulo, Gobioides anguillaris, Chela laubuca, Plotosus canius, Channa orientalis, Mugil cephalus, Coilia dussumieri and Tetraodon cutcutia. The protein and lipid contents of the selected SIS ranged between 21.43 to 8.59%, and 7.22 to 1.75%, respectively. The study suggests the presence of potent antioxidant and appreciable amount of nutrients in selected fish samples. The top four potential SIS species consist of appreciable amount of protein and antioxidant are Mystus gulio, Silonia silondia,Heteropneustes fossilis and Colisa fasciatus.

Knowledge Management: Journal