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Optimum Conditions for Bioethanol Production from Potato of Bangladesh

Abul Kalam Azad
Institute of Environmental Science, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Nilufa Yesmin
Institute of Environmental Science, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Shanjit Kumar Sarker
Institute of Environmental Science, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Abdus Sattar
Institute of Food Science & Technology, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, Bangladesh

Rezaul Karim
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Bangladesh produces a huge quantity of potato every year and export some portion as well. This research was carried out to find the optimum conditions for bioethanol production from potato of Bangladesh. From this study, optimum growth of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae CCD) was observed at pH 6.0 and temperature 31⁰C. Addition of a small amount of alpha-amylase enzyme to potato solution was found to enhance the potato starch degradation and made the fermentation process quicker. This study observed 1750 unit alpha-amylase to be enough to degrade the starch in 15% of 500 ml potato starch solution. From fermentation time study, 6-day incubation time was found to be enough to complete the fermentation process and optimum production of bioethanol form potato starch. Suitable concentration of potato in fermentation process was determined using five different potato solutions (5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 30%). A highest production of bioethanol was found in 20% potato treatment. Therefore, 20% potato solution could be recommended for high-scale production of bioethanol from potato starch.

Keywords: Potato, Bio-ethanol, Fermentation, Alpha-amylase

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

To evaluate the possibility of using Bangladeshi potato as raw materials for bioethanol production; and
To find out the optimum conditions for bioethanol production from potato.

Methodology:

Potato (cardinal variety) was collected from the vegetable market of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Potatoes were washed and cut into several pieces and boiled in water for 25-30 minutes. A suitable amount of boiled potato was taken for experimental purpose. Yeast strain (Saccharomyces cerevisiae CCD) was collected from the Spirit Section of Carew and Co., Darsana, Bangladesh. For yeast culture, modified YMPD (Yeast-Malt-Peptone-Dextrose) broth culture was used. Generally, dextrose is used in yeast media as carbon source. But, we used boiled potato mash instead of dextrose in modified YMPD broth culture media for propagation of yeast cell during bioethanol production. To determine the optimum pH, yeast strain was cultured in modified YMPD broth culture media (300 ml) with different pH 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0 and 8.0 at 32⁰C. The optimum temperature was measured by using the same YMPD media at fixed pH 6.0 with incubating at different temperatures, 25⁰C, 28⁰C, 31⁰C, 34⁰C, 37⁰C and 40⁰C. Yeast cell growth was monitored every 12 hours for pH experiment and every 24 hours for temperature experiment. For determination of growth, turbidity of YMPD broth culture media was measured at 610 nm. For fermentation time study, 100 ml of one-day old yeast was added in 400 ml potato solution (15%) and incubated at 31⁰C for 5-different incubation periods (4, 5, 6, 7 and 8-days). Bio-ethanol production was measured after each interval. Crude fermented potato solution was first centrifuged at 12,000 rpm to remove the unused starch and yeast cell. Then, the clear solution was taken into rotary evaporator for separation of ethanol at 78.5⁰C for five minutes. To find out the suitable enzyme activity for optimum degradation of potato starch, different enzyme activities (350, 700, 1050, 1400, 1750 and 3500 unit) of alpha-amylase enzyme was added into 300 ml potato solution (15%). Then, 100 ml of one-day yeast culture was added and incubated at 31⁰C. Ethanol production was measured after 6-days incubation period. Suitable potato concentration is important for getting the highest production of ethanol. Therefore, different concentration potato starch (5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 30%) was prepared in 400 ml distilled water. About 1750 unit of alpha-amylase enzyme and 100 ml of yeast was added to each treatment and incubated at 31⁰C for 6-days. Fermentation pH and temperature was adjusted to the optimum condition during this experiment. After incubation period, turbidity of solution and the produced ethanol were measured. The percent of purity of produced bioethanol from potato was measured by using an alcohol meter (Jiujingnongduji, China). This meter could measure the alcohol purity from 0 to 100 percent.

Source of Information: Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology Vol.5 No.6, 2014, 501-507

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=45734 (http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/abb.2014.56060)

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From this study, optimum conditions for bioethanol production from potato were established. These conditions might be summarized as under;

Optimum p^H and temperature for yeast cell growth were 6.0 and 31⁰C, respectively.
A small amount of alpha-amylase enzyme, about 1750 unit was found to be suitable for enzymatic degradation of starch in 500 ml potato solution (20%).
6-day incubation time was found optimum for bioethanol production.
20% potato solution exhibited highest production of bioethanol from potato starch.

Knowledge Management: Journal