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Toxic Effects of Two Insecticides on Brown Plant Hopper, Nilaparvata Lugens and Its Predators Micraspis Discolor and Lycosa Pseudoannulata

T. K. Biswas
Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

M. A. Rahman
Department of Entomology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University , Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.

M. M. H. Khan
Department of Entomology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University , Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.

M. M. Alam
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Patuakhali Science and Technology University , Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.

M. Jahan
Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted in the net house and laboratory to determine the effectiveness of two insecticides viz., Cymbush (Cypermethrin) and Brifer (Carbofuran) on brown plant hopper, Nilaparvata lugens and the toxic action of these insecticides to the predators lady bird beetle, Micraspis discolor and wolf spider, Lycosa pseudoannulata. Effectiveness of the insecticides was assessed on the basis of percentage of corrected mortality of brown plant hopper, lady bird beetle and wolf spider under laboratory condition at 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment. Cymbush 10EC @ 0.05 kg a.i. ha^-1. caused 100% mortality of insect populations at different time intervals. All the doses of Brifer 5G caused a good mortality of N lugens at different time intervals and was effective at higher dose. Cymbush 10EC @ 0.04 kg a. i. ha^-1. and Brifer 5G @ 0.5 kg a.i. ha^-1. were found very effective against N. lugens. The effectiveness of Cymbush 10EC decreased and Brifer 5G increased with increasing time interval. Cymbush 10EC @ 0.05 kg a.i. ha^-1. was highly toxic and 0.01 kg a.i. ha^-1. was less toxic to both the predators. Brifer 5G @ 0.5 kg a.i. ha^-1. was least toxic to the predators. Between the two predators L. pseudoannulata was more susceptible to the insecticides than M. discolor.

Keywords: Insecticides, Brown plant hopper, Predator, Micraspis discolor, Lycosa pseudoannulata

Location: In the net house and laboratory of the Entomology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-03-2002

End Date: 00-07-2002

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insecticide

Objectives:

1. To evaluate the effectiveness of two insecticides in controlling brown plant hopper under laboratory condition

2. To find out the dose of insecticides least toxic to the predators Micraspis discolor and Lycosa pseudoannulata under laboratory condition.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out in the net house and laboratory of the Entomology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, Bangladesh from March to July, 2002 to assess the effectiveness of two insecticides Brifer 5G (Carbofuran) and Cymbush 10EC (Cypermethrin) to adult stages of the predator lady bird beetle, Micraspis discolor (Fabricious) and wolf spider, Lycosa pseudoannulata (Boesenberg et Strand) in association with brown plant hopper, Nilaparvata lugens. Gravid females of BPH were collected with the help of aspirator from infested rice fields of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The predator, M. discolor were maintained in the net house. Foe this purpose adult beetles were collected from rice field of the Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) farm, Mymensingh. To determine the corrected mortality percentage of BPH, lady bird beetle and wolf spider, an experiment was conducted in the net house of BINA. Seeds of TN1 rice variety were shown in the pot on 3rd March, 2002. The seedlings of 30-40 days were transplanted in plastic pot. The rice plants were grown in plastic pots and kept in net house. Cymbush 10EC was sprayed @ 0.05, 0.04, 0.03, 0.02 and 0.01 kg a.i. ha^-1 and Brifer 5 G was applied in the soil @ 0.5, 0.4, 0.3, 0.2 and 0.1 kg a.i. ha^-1. at 20 days after transplanting from seed bed. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with three replicates. Toxicities of insecticides, Brifer 5G and Cymbush 10EC were determined at five dosages. Brifer 5G was applied @ 0.5, 0.4, 0.3, 0.2 and 0.1 kg a.i. ha^-1. and Cymbush 10EC was sprayed @ 0.05, 0.04, 0.03, 0.02 and 0.01 kg a.i. ha^-1 to adult stages of lady bird beetle and wolf spider and 3-4 instars of brown plant hopper. Water was applied as control. Each treatment had three replicates. Ten adults of the predator ladybird beetle and wolf spider per replicate were treated separately at 24, 48 and 72 Hours After Treatment (HAT) with insecticides. The adult beetles and spiders were sprayed in caged TN1 rice plants in plastic pots infest with BPH in the net house. There were 2 hills (each hill contains 3 seedlings) in each pot. After 20 days after planting of the seedlings, BPH in different numbers (100-120) were released on the plant in the pot. The predator adults were released on to the BPH infested plants in separate pots 2-3 days after infesting and then insecticides were sprayed. The control pots with TN1 rice plants with BPH and predators were sprayed with water only. Mortality of adults of predators was recorded at 24, 48 and 72 HAT. At every time interval mortality of BPH sprayed with insecticides without association of predator adults in the net house was also obtain in the same way. All three parameters were conducted separately. Data obtained from the net house experiment in the laboratory were analyzed for two factors Completely Randomized Design. The means were compared according to Duncan's Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: International Journal of Zoological Research, 2(2): 192-203, 2006, ISSN 1811-9778.

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/ijzr.2006.192.203, URL: http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijzr.2006.192.203

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results revealed that Brifer 5G and Cymbush 10EC @ 0.4 and 0.01 kg a.i. ha^-1 doses were effective in killing brown plant hoppers. But Brifer 5G @ 0.4 kg a.i. ha^-1 was most effective against BPH in respect of predator survivability as well as environmental safety.

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