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Postpartum Ovarian Cyclicity of Zebu Cows in Bangladesh

Taslima Akter
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

M. Mostofa Kamal
Department of Livestock Services, Dhaka, Bangladesh .

Anup Kumar Talukder
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Barisal 8602, Bangladesh.

Zesmin Akter
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Farida Yeasmin Bari
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Mohammed Shamsuddin
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Postpartum luteal function and oestrus were studied using radio immunoassay (RIA) of milk progesterone in relation to body weight, body condition score (BCS) and milk production. Randomly fifty cows were included from selected areas of Mymensingh District of Bangladesh. In 52% of the cows (n=26) ovarian cyclicity resumed by Day 80 postpartum. Thirty two cows (64%) showed their ovarian cyclicity by Day 120 postpartum. Cows with low body weight (219.2±0.3 kg) at calving required more days (234.1±66.6 days) to initiate postpartum ovarian cyclicity (107.0±5.0 days) than those of higher body weight (286.6±89.0 kg) (p<0.05). Cows with higher BCS at calving (3.0±0.9) and at ovulation (2.7±0.9) had calving to ovulation interval 107.0±5.0 days. Cows with lower BCS at calving (2.5±0.6) and at ovulation (1.9±0.3) required long time (234.1±66.6 days) (p<0.05). Cows with higher milk production (6.3±3.5 kg/L) took shorter (77.4±6.5 days) calving to ovulation interval than that (234.1±66.6 days) of lower milk production cows (1.8±0.9 kg/L) (p<0.05). It can be safely inferred that that by improving the body condition score and body weight at postpartum period, earlier ovarian cyclicity can be achieved.

Keywords: Body weight, BCS, Milk yield, Ovarian cyclicity

Location: Selected areas of Mymensingh District of Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cow

Objectives:

1) To determine the onset of ovarian cyclicity through measuring progesterone concentration in milk by radio immunoassay.

2) To evaluate the effects of body weight, condition score and milk yield on the onset of postpartum ovarian cyclicity.

Methodology:

The present investigation was conducted at selected areas of Mymensingh District of Bangladesh. Fifty lactating cows from smallholder farms were registered within 1 week after calving with relevant information of the farm and cattle recorded in respect of body weight, body condition score, milk production and the occurrence of any post-parturient disorders. Routine deworming against liver flukes, round worms was in practice and the cows were vaccinated routinely against anthrax, black quarter, hemorrhagic septicemia and foot and mouth diseases. The cows were stall fed supplied with approximately 5 kg straw, 10-15 kg green grasses and 3-5 kg concentrates per cow per day in 2 splits. The body weight of the cows was measured and recorded at an interval of 10 days beginning immediately after calving up to 120 days postpartum, using a standardized tape obtained from the Swedish Association of Livestock Breeding and Production, Eskilstuna, Sweden (Comb MAAI). The nutritional state of individual cow was determined by scoring body condition using 1-5 scales (0.5 fraction between 2 scores) on the basis of bony prominence and deposition of subcutaneous fat as described by Nicholson and Butterworth’s (1986). The lowest score was given to the thin cows whereas the highest score was given to the fat one. Milk samples were collected at a 10-day’s interval from day 10 postpartum to exhibition of the first postpartum oestrus. Two more samples were collected at 10 days interval, after the occurrence of oestrus. Sodium azide tablet was used as preservative (8mg/10ml milk). Milk samples were centrifuged at 2000g for 15 minutes and defatted milk was separated from the supernatant fat by using a Pasteur pipette and stored at -200C until analyzed. The progesterone concentration in the defatted milk was determined by using a solid phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) technique. The RIA kits for milk progesterone were supplied by laboratory of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria. Briefly, defatted milk samples were thawed at room temperature and individual vials were vortexed for uniform mixing. All standard milk samples supplied by the IAEA were reconstituted with 1 ml distilled water, vortexed and were used for assessing the presence of progesterone in unknown milk samples. The progesterone concentration was determined in duplicate samples. Anti-progesterone antibody coated tubes were loaded individually with 100µl of defatted milk and 1.0 ml of ratio-active iodine. Interval between calving to first ovulation were detected the rise of progesterone concentration to >3.0 nmol/L from immediate previous 10 days low value of >1 nmol/L around. On the basis of progesterone concentration in milk, the cows initiating their post-partum ovarian activity was calculated. The values were expressed as mean ±SD. The data were analysed by using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) programme, version 10. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done to compare body weight, BCS, milk yield at calving and at ovulation, interval between calving and ovulation among the groups.

Source of Information: Veterinary Journal , Vol. 6 No. 1, Article 85, 2011 (ISSN 0973-6980)

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.vetscan.co.in/v6n1/85-Postpartum-Ovarian-Cyclicity-Zebu-Cows-Bangladesh.htm

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Cows with higher BCS at calving (3.0±0.9) and at ovulation (2.7±0.9) required shorter (107.0±5.0 days) calving to ovulation and cows with lower BCS at calving (2.5±0.6) and at ovulation (1.9±0.3) required 234.1±66.6 days (p<0.05). The Heavier (286.6±89.0 kg) cows started their postpartum ovarian cyclicity earlier (107.0±5.0 days) than that of their lighter (219.2±0.3 kg) counterparts (234.1±66.6 days) (p<0.05). However, higher milk production (4.9±4.7 kg) and BCS (3.0±0.9) was recorded in cows with high body weight at calving. In addition, lower milk production and BCS (1.8±0.9 kg and 2.5±0.6; respectively) was recorded in cows with low body weight at ovulation (p< 0.05). Higher milk yielding (6.3±3.5 litre/day) cows started their postpartum ovarian cyclicity earlier (77.4±6.5 days) compared to lower milk yielding (1.8±0.9 litre/day) cows that required (234.1±66.6) days (p<0.05). Higher body condition score and body weight at calving (3.0±0.9 and 283.9±34.7 kg) were recorded in high milk yielding cows. Similarly lower BCS and body weight (1.8±0.9 and 219.2±0.3 kg) at calving resulted in low milk production of cow (p<0.05).

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