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A Socio Economic Overview of Jhum Cultivation in the Hill District Bandarban

M J Uddin
Seientitic Officer
On-Farm Research Division, BARI, Bandarban.

M K Hasan
Senior Scientific Officer
Planning and Evaluation Division, BARI, Gazipur.

S Parvin
Scientific Officer
Training and Communication Wing, BARl, Gazipur.

R Begum
Associate Professor
Sher-E-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was conducted in three villages of Bandarban sadar upazila with a view to identify the productivity, profitability and factors affecting production of Jhum cultivation. It was revealed that, on an average, per hectare gross return was Tk.15453 and total cost of production was Tk.17162 which produced a negative net return of Tk.( -) 1709/ha and a very poor BCR of 0.90. When only cash cost was considered as production cost, the return over cash cost became positive (Tk.9470/ha) and the BCR was reasonable (2.58). The productivity was also found negative, -1.702. The key factors of production identified as urea, TSP, MP and insecticide use which have positive contribution on gross return. The coefficients of human labour and seed were found negative implying irrational use of those inputs. The elasticity of production was 1.266, which denoted increasing returns to scale, implies that it has an opportunity to increase net return by rational use of urea, TSP, MP and insecticide.

Keywords: Jhum, Cultivation, Economic, Bandarban

Location: Sheron para, Laimee para and Faruque para of Bandarban sadar upazila

Start Date: 00-03-2005

End Date: 00-07-2005

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Performance

Objectives:

To estimate the cost and return of Jhum cultivation.
To identify the factors affecting production and input use efficiency of Jhum farming.

Methodology:

Sixty five Jhum farmers were selected randomly from a list of 655 Jhumeya farmers in three villages. (Sheron para, Laimee para and Faruque para) of Bandarban sadar upazila. The villages were selected based on high concentration of Jhum cultivation. Simple random sampling technique was used for selecting sample farmers. A pre-tested questionnaire was used for data collection by direct interviewing the selected farmers during March-July, 2005. After collection of primary data farmers were grouped into their yearly household income level as Household Expenditure Survey 1995-96 to present different socio demographic characteristics. To analyze the key factors, Cobb-Douglas(CD) production function model was chosen as it was good fitted to the data. Multiple regression was used to determine the individual effect of variable inputs on production. Six explanatory variables were hypothesized to explain the Jhum production.The elasticity of production of factor input from C-D production function were used to calculate the marginal value product (MVP) at Geometric mean level (GM) for the average farms. In order to estimate the input use efficiency, the ratio of marginal value product (MVP) to the marginal factor cost (MFC) for all input was compared and tested for its equality to 1, i.e. MVP/ MFC = 1 indicates optimum use of that factor. The marginal productivity of a particular resource represents the additional gross returns in value term caused by an additional unit of that resource, while other inputs kept constant. Since all the variables of the concerned model were measured in monetary term. the slope co-efficient of the explanatory variables in the function represent the MVPs, which were computed multiplying the production co-efficient of given resource with the ratio of geometric mean of gross return to the geometric mean of the given resource.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agriculturist. 1 (1): 23-28, 2008, ISSN 1812-4631

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The return of Jhum cultivation was found to be positively related to the inputs like urea, TSP, MP, weeding and insecticide used. But the total human labour and seed cost were related negatively. It might happened due to irrational use of those inputs. The study also revealed that, in general the Jhum farmers- were not habituated of using their inputs efficiently. It had been supported from the negative net return from Jhum cultivation. Further, it was evident from this study that, farmer's have an ample opportunity to increase the output by judicious use. On the other hand, use of human labour and seed should be rational.

Knowledge Management: Journal