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Evaluation of Adaptation Practices in Agriculture Sector Bangladesh: an Ecosystem Based Assessment

Md Arfanuzzaman
Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Studies, Bangladesh

Nabir Mamnun
Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Studies, Bangladesh

Syful Islam
Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Studies, Bangladesh

Tanjina Dilshad
Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Studies, Bangladesh

Md Abu Syed
Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Studies, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Climate changes imposed differential impact on Bangladesh in the form of sea level rise, extreme event, and variability, which has enormous economic, environmental and social cost. Such impacts are assorted across the ecosystems of South-west, North-west and central region of the country. Among the sectors agriculture is comparatively more vulnerable to the climate change impacts. In order to reduce the climate change induced loss and damage a series of adaptation options are practicing in the local level for many years, but the effectiveness, profitability, and sustainability of such adaptation options are still undiscovered. In this backdrop the study intends to identify, prioritize and evaluate the adaptation options in the agriculture of different ecosystems of Bangladesh. It is found that economic gain of adopting rice prawn farming, replantation of rice, saline resistant and short duration rice variety are much higher than the other adaption options in the Bangladesh agriculture. Per $10 investing on such adaptation options will provide $22, $4, $2 and $2 net return respectively. Unavailability and less affordability are impeding the promotion of some effective adaption options, which require more attention for further research, demonstration and capacity building to the local farmers for the resilience building and vulnerability reduction.

Keywords: Adaptation; Agriculture; Bangladesh; Ecosystem

Location: South-west, North-west and central region of the country

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Non-commodity: Impact

Objectives:

i) To identify and prioritize the existing adaptation practices in the agriculture of different ecosystems of Bangladesh ii) To assess the effectiveness of each adaptation option to minimize loss and damage, and negative externality of such adaptation measures iii) To evaluate the economic viability of prioritized adaptation options and iv) To define the most sustainable adaptation option for the agriculture in the face of climate change impacts

Methodology:

The study follows both quantitative and qualitative research methods to evaluate the adaptation options. From each district three representative unions were selected to assess the climate change impacts and adaptation options in these places for the agriculture sector. In this study, stakeholders were engaged in following manner: 1. Farmers and fishermen were interviewed through questionnaire survey, 2. People were consulted in groups at the community level through focus group discussions (FGDs). The existing adaption options in agriculture sector against the climate change impacts were identified from the questionnaire survey. Then the adaptation options have been shortlisted and prioritized based on the opinion of local community and expert and ranked from the national level workshop. The criteria for adaptation prioritization were effectiveness, external effects, availability, accessibility, affordability and profitability/Socio-economic gain. Finally the prioritized adaptation options have been evaluated through cost benefit analysis, and adaptation decision matrix.

Source of Information: J Earth Sci Clim Change 2016, 7:1; ISSN:2157-7617

Article Link (Online Journal): http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2157-7617.1000328

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is evident that climate change adaption has some cost and it also fuel the cost of production in the agriculture sector, which may not affordable to the poor and marginal farmers of Bangladesh. Although, Bangladesh is not liable for the climate change, this country is experiencing a set of climate stresses, climate variability and climate induced natural disaster in the agriculture sector as well as other sectors of the economy. Here, agriculture sector is relatively vulnerable because of small scale farming system, least technical efficiency, lack of large scale investment and presence of paradox of bumper harvest.

Knowledge Management: Journal