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Zero Tilled Dibbled Sunflower Enables Planting Earlier and Harvests More in the Coastal Saline Area of Bangladesh

M. Harunur Rashid
International Rice Research Institute, House No.9, Road 2/2, Banani, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh.

Shama Nasrin
International Rice Research Institute, House No.9, Road 2/2, Banani, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh.

Debabrata Mahalde
International Rice Research Institute, House No.9, Road 2/2, Banani, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Only transplanted Aman (T. Aman) rice is one of the major cropping sequences in the medium saline, irrigation water lacking area of the coastal Bangladesh which requires suitable succeeding crop with early planting in moist soil and to escape damage from the effect of storm surges and water logging due to rainfall in May. A field trial was conducted in 2012 to compare the early dibbled sunflowers in zero tilled soil with traditional tilled one after T. Aman rice. Sunflower was planted on four dates, 14 January (zero tillage in moist soil), 22 and 29 February and 5 March (tilled field at field capacity). Results indicated that dibbling on 14 January produced significantly taller plant, larger head and higher seed yield (3.06 t ha^-1 ) than those of other planting dates (2.54 to 2.68 t ha^-1 ). The farmers’ led validation o f zero tilled dibbled sunflowers in the following year confirmed its earlier planting and higher productivity .

Keywords: Agro-economic productivity, Dates of sowing, Saline soils, Sunflower

Location: Khulna, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-00-2012

End Date: 00-00-2012

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Sunflower

Objectives:

1. To study the effects of planting dates on yield and yield components of sunflower.

2. To compare the zero tilled earlier dibbled sunflowers in moist soil with the traditional dibbled

Methodology:

The field trial was conducted with four dates of sowing following unploughed and ploughed dibbling during dry season in 2012 at Katianangla village in Batiaghata Upazila of Khulna District (22°40′N and 89°31′E) in Bangladesh. Early sown zero tilled dibbled method was identified as a better option from the trial. Farmers’ led validation was conducted in trial and adjacent villages in 2013. The area belongs to the agro-ecological zone of the Ganges Tidal Floodplain. The climate of the area is subtropical. The soils of the experimental fields at 0- 15 -cm depth were clay loam in texture, with a pH of 8.10, organic C of 6.44 g kg ^-1, total N of 1.0 g kg^-1, available P of 4.55 mg kg^-1, exchangeable K of 0.40 meq 100 g ^-1, available S of 75.78 14 mg kg^-1, and Zn of 1.27 mg kg^-1.The field experiment was arranged in a randomized complete bock design with four replications in 2012. The experimental field had a similar crop management history and uniform soil type. The planting dates were randomly assigned to the replications. The dibbling dates were (a) zero tilled dibbled in moist soil on 14 January, (b) dibbled in tilled soil at field capacity on 22 February, (c) dibbled in tilled soil at field capacity on 29 February, (d) dibbled in tilled soil at field capacity on 05 March. The first date was selected observing the moisture of the soil where dibbling was comfortable by hand and easy to germinate the soil. The other dates were selected based on the soil moisture suitable for tilling (field capacity) which varied due to the elevation of the experimental fields. In 2013, participatory farmers were trained on zero tilled dibbled sunflower cultivation who adopted the package of technology after harvest of T. Aman rice.The statistical analysis of the data was done using Crop Stat Version 7.2. Unless indicated otherwise, differences were considered significant only at P ≤ 0.05. Economic analysis was performed to determine the efficiency of different planting dates. The amount of different input required per hectare was calculated and the cost of input for different planting dates was estimated based on their local market price. Labor wage for different operations of crop cultivation was captured and included in the total variable cost (TVC). The farm gate price of sunflower seed and stalk was used for calculating gross return (GR). In case of farmers’ validation, the economic return was calculated based on seed yield only. The gross margin (GM) per hectare for each treatment option was calculated by deducting the total variable cost from the gross return. The benefit cost ratio (BCR) was calculated dividing the gross return by TVC.

Source of Information: International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, Vol. 5, No. 3, June 2014

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.7763/IJESD.2014.V5.488

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

On the basis of the yield and economic performance, the earlier dibbling of sunflower in zero tilled fields after harvest of T . Aman rice could be disseminated in the coastal region. There is a need to validate the technology considering the rice-sunflower cropping system through a farmers’ participatory approach .

Knowledge Management: Journal