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In Vitro Shoot Multiplication of Chrysanthemum Morifolium as Affected by Sucrose, Agar and Ph

M. Z. Karim
Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshshi 6205, Bangladesh.

M. N. Amin
Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshshi 6205, Bangladesh.

M. A. K. Azad
Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshshi 6205, Bangladesh.

F. Begum
Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshshi 6205, Bangladesh.

M. M. Rahman
Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshshi 6205, Bangladesh.

S. Ahmad
Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshshi 6205, Bangladesh.

R. Alam
Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshshi 6205, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effects of sucrose, agar and pH on in vitro shoot multiplication of Chrysanthemum were studied. Nodal explant from the ex vitro grown plant was used as the test material. For optimum shoot induction and multiplication in MS medium containing BAP+ sucrose 30 gm l^-1, agar 6 gm l^-1 and pH 5.5-6.0 proved more effective. The media having 30 gm l^-1 sucrose showed the highest percentage of explant responded to shoot proliferation and that was 100%. This sucrose concentration also showed the optimum result for number of usable shoots per culture, number of node shoot-1 and average length of shoots and the values were 5.4±0.6, 5.1±0.8 and 5.6±0.4 cm. The highest proliferation response of the explant was observed on MS medium having 6 gm l^-1 of agar and the frequency was 100%. Among different level of pH, the highest percentage of explant showing proliferation was observed on the media adjusted to pH 5.5 and 6.0. The results presented here proved to be suitable for the in vitro shoot multiplication of Chrysanthemum morifolium.

Keywords: Chrysanthemum, In vitro, Multiplication, Biotechnology, Multiple shoot

Location: Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-1997

End Date: 00-00-1998

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Chrysanthemum

Objectives:

To determine the optimum cultural conditions for production of genetically stable multiple shoots from the explants.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh during the period of 1997 to 1998. The in vitro cultures were established from nodal explant. The explants were collected from 4 months old grown from the stem cuttings at the Botanical garden of Rajshahi University and they were washed thoroughly under running tap and distilled water. The material was then taken into laminar flow cabinet and surface sterilized with 0.1% HgCl₂ for different durations. After sterilization, the explants were planted on the surface of the semisolid MS, MMS₁ or MMS₂ medium gelled with 2-10 gm l^-1 agar, 10-50 gm l^-1 sucrose. The pH of the medium was adjusted to 4.5-6.5 and autoclaved at 121°C for 20 min. All the cultures were incubated at 26±1°C and culture was kept under a 14 h photo period fluorescent tube light. The materials were sub-cultured at 3-4 weeks intervals.

Source of Information: Biotechnology, 2(2): 115-120, 2003, ISSN 1682-2978.

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/biotech.2003.115.120, URL: http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=biotech.2003.115.120

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the present investigation it was revealed that both lower (4.5) and higher (6.5) pH levels hindered multiple shoot proliferation. Comparatively less acidic pH (6.5) gave harder gel which might have adverse effects on regeneration and proliferation of shoots. Plant regeneration through tissue culture technique would be a noble alternative for improving the quality and faster production of Chrysanthemum. It had been noted that, sucrose, agar and pH on the medium play an important role on in vitro growth and development of shoots. The present study showed that, in MS medium containing BAP, sucrose 30 gm l^-1, agar 6 gm l^-1 and pH 5.5-6.0 were more effective on shoot multiplication.

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