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Impact of Fifteen Days Fishing Ban in the Major Spawning Grounds of Hilsa (tenualosa Ilisha Hamilton 1822) on Its Spawning Success

Md. Anisur Rahman
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Station, Chandpur-3602, Bangladesh.

Flura
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Station, Chandpur-3602, Bangladesh.

Tayfa Ahmed
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Station, Chandpur-3602, Bangladesh.

Md. Mehedi Hasan Pramanik
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Station, Chandpur-3602, Bangladesh.

Mohammad Ashraful Alam
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Station, Chandpur-3602, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was conducted to assess the impact of fifteen days fishing ban on breeding success of hilsa shad in the major spawning grounds of hilsa in the month of September and October, 2015. The study showed that fishing ban during spawning seasons have significant role in the successful reproduction of hilsa. In and around the spawning grounds among all the captured hilsa, male: female ratio was found 1:1.86 and percent composition was 35% and 65% respectively. In 2015, percent composition of spent hilsa during major breeding period in the spawning grounds was found 36.60%. The eggs production of hilsa was calculated, in the year 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015 about 336199 Kg, 385500 Kg, 380400 Kg, 447100 Kg, 417765 Kg and 49436 5Kg respectively, hilsa eggs could have been produced indicating a positive impact of 15 days fishing ban in the spawning season. Comparatively higher percentages of gravid hilsa were found which were not available in the similar quantity and condition in the fishing ban period in other than spawning areas of hilsa. During the present investigation, fairly higher amount of spent hilsa and juveniles were observed in the spawning grounds. On the other hand, fewer juveniles and spent hilsa were observed in the adjacent areas of the spawning grounds indicating that in comparison to the recent reports there might have little or no changes of the spawning grounds of hilsa occurred. Along with the jatka fry, spawn and fries of other fishes were also found in higher quantity than the previous years and thus it is assumed that 15 days fishing ban also might have positive impact on the successful breeding of other fishes. Overall, the fishing ban was found effective for successful breeding of hilsa.

Keywords: Impact, Hilsa, Spawning, Ban

Location: The Riverine Station, Chandpur

Start Date: 00-09-2015

End Date: 00-10-2015

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Hilsa

Objectives:

To assess the impact of fifteen days fishing ban on breeding success of hilsa shad in the major spawning grounds of hilsa in the month of September and October, 2015.

Methodology:

The hilsa investigation team of the Riverine Station, Chandpur carried out the investigations. Modernized research vessel and speed boat were utilized for sampling and data collection. Major spawning grounds of hilsa and related areas viz, Chandpur, Ramgoti, Hatia, Dhalchar, Moulovirchar, Monpura, Kalirchar, Daulatkhan, Barisal, Bhola, Patharghata, Potuakhali, Mohipur, Galachipa, Kalapara were visited for comprehensive study. To determine the size of group, captured hilsa from the above mentioned area were calculated by measuring scale. Sex was determined by external observation, gentle stripping at their belly along the ventral scute line from anterior to anal direction with the fore and first finger together was applied. While at stripping along the belly, white milky or creamy liquid for the male and eggs with blood strain or food particle for the female usually came out through the anus. Seeing the milky/creamy liquid (the milt) and the eggs, hilsa was identified as male or female. When such milky liquid or eggs do not come out, and then the fish is either of immature or premature stage. The potbellied, reddish and bigger anus also identified the fishes as female. As such, the percent composition of gravid and oozing hilsa was determined. The spent fishes were identified by observing their very lean and thin and elongated body and health condition and shrunken belly. While stripping at their belly, isolated and distorted eggs came out with watery liquid or with or without blood strain. The hilsa were the gonochoristic and single shedding fishes. After shedding usually they do not die, locally called Pite (spent) fishes and are caught with other hilsa. The number and percent of spent fishes was determined by observing the catches of the commercial fishermen in and around the spawning grounds immediate before and after the 15 days ban period. The amount of fertilized egg production in the spawning grounds due to fishing ban as an indicator of spawning success was estimated. Experimental egg/fry collection was done by a ‘savar net’ (shrimp PL collecting net) prepared by fine meshed glass nylon in the spawning grounds and adjacent areas to observe abundance and distribution of jatka. Finally, by the availability of immature and oozing hilsa statement about the previously identified spawning grounds were made.

Source of Information: Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.2(3): 491-497, December 2015

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.banglajol.info/index.php/RALF/article/view/26173/17568

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

To sustain as well as to increase hilsa production several management measures have been undertaken by the Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock based on the previous research findings and recommendations. Among the different attempts, conservation of jatka through declaring five fish sanctuaries in the major nursery and spawning grounds of river system and protection of berried hilsa catches for 15 days during the peak breeding season are the most important initiatives. The fishing ban was found effective for successful breeding of hilsa. The impact of 15 days fishing ban on breeding success of other fishes needs to be assessed. The fishing ban should be continued for sustainable reproduction of hilsa and increase of jatka as well as hilsa production.

Knowledge Management: Journal