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Genetic Divergence of Balam Rice (oryza Satival.) Germplasm of Bangladesh

MS Ahmed
PSO
GRSD, BRRI, Gazipur - 1701

S Parveen
SSO
TD, BRRI, Gazipur

MK Bashar
Country Manager
Harvest Plus, CIAT, Banani, Dhaka - 1213, Bangladesh.

AKM Shamsuddin
Professore
Departm ent of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, BAU, Mymensingh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In total 40 genotypes of similar and duplicate named Balam rice germplasm of Bangladesh were studied for 17 morpho-physicochemical characters at BRRI during 2009-11. The cluster analysis using Mahalanobis’ D² statistics, grouped the genotypes into seven clusters, where no duplicate germplasm was found for the studied characters. The highest number of genotypes (8) were constellated into clusters I, III and V and the lowest (2) in cluster IV. The intra-and inter-cluster distances were maximum (1.17 and 21.16) in cluster VII and between clusters II and IV and minimum (0.27 and 2.23) in cluster IV and between clusters II and VII, respectively. Based on the values of principal component score, the two-dimensional scatter diagram (Z₁-Z₂) also distributed the genotypes into seven groups. However, the clustering pattern showed that the genotypes constellated in the cluster w ere not originated from the same geographic region. The mean values data revealed that the genotype of cluster IV, produced the highest mean values for flag and penultimate leaf area (1135.88 cm²), culm diameter (7.22 mm), days to maturity (152 days), prim ary and secondary branch number per panicle (63), grain yield per panicle (4.88 g), 1000-grain weight (29.29 g), grain yield per hill (31.27 g), cooking time (18.5 min) and amylose content (24.10%). Similarly, the genotype of cluster I, produced the highest means for plant height (148.18 cm), straw yield per hill (39.97 g) and protein content (9.61%), while the genotype of cluster VI, produced the highest means for effective tiller number per plant (21) and the genotype of cluster III, produced the highest means for grain length (8.77 mm). Therefore, it may be possible to obtain the highest mean values for the maximum studied characters, if the genotypes of cluster IV are crossed with the genotypes of cluster I, cluster III and cluster VI, respectively. Besides, the canonical variate analysis showed that the grain length, cooking time, straw yield per hill, days to maturity, plant height and grain yield per panicle contributed maximum to the genetic divergence of the studied germplasm. Finally, it can be concluded that the traditional rice germplasm can offer a diverse valuable gene pool which can be utilized in different varietal development program in future or even program can be taken for the improvement of Balam rice.

Keywords: Genetic divergence, Balam rice, Bangladesh.

Location: BRRI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2009

End Date: 00-00-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To assess the extent of genetic diversity in 40 genotypes of similar and duplicate named Balam rice germplasm of Bangladesh for selecting genotypes as prospective parents to develop transgressive segregants.

Methodology:

A total of 40 genotypes of similar and duplicate named Balam rice germplasm of Bangladesh were selected and collected from Rice Genebank, BRRI, Gazipur and were studied for 13 agro-morphological and four physico-chemical characters. Thirty days old single seedling was transplanted per hi ll for each genotype for agro-morphological study during T. Aman 2009 and 2011 seasons. Spaces within and between rows were 20 and 25 cm, respectively. The chemical fertilizer dose of 50-40- 10 kg PKS per hectare along with 60 kg N per hectare was applied. Total quantity of TSP, MP and Gypsum were applied at the final land preparation. Urea was applied in three installments at 15, 30 and 45 days after transplanting (DAT). Nine plants from each entry were randomly selected for recording data on seedling height, flag and penultimate leaf area, plant height, culm diameter, effective tiller number per hill, d ays to maturity, straw yield per hill, primary and secondary branch number per panicle, filled grain number per panicle, grain yield per panicle, grain length, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per hill. Besides, milling outturn, cooking time, protein and amylose content were measured according to the laboratory manual, GQND, BRRI during 2011. Multivariate analyses were performed in computer using GENSTAT 5.13 program.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice J. 19(1):9-14, 2015

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The traditional rice germplasm can offer a valuable gene pool. It can be said that there is high degree of diversity existed among the studied landraces which can be utilized in different varietal improvement/development program in future or even program can be taken for the improvement of Balam rice. Moreover, the studied 40 similar and duplicate named Balam rice germplasm are not duplicate genotypes for the studied 17 morpho-physicochemical characters. Finally, PCR based molecular characterizations using SSR markers of the studied germplasm need to be done for the confirmation of duplication and for validating candidate genes responsible for valuable traits .

Knowledge Management: Journal