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Antihyperglycemic and Analgesic Activity Studies with Boiled Cicer Arietinum L. Seeds

Md Najmul Hossain
University of Development Alternative, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Mithila Saha
University of Development Alternative, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Shahnaz Rahman
University of Development Alternative, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Sanjida Haque
University of Development Alternative, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Rownak Jahan
University of Development Alternative, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Mohammed Rahmatullah
University of Development Alternative, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In oral glucose tolerance tests, methanol extract of boiled seeds of Cicer arietinum (Methanolic boiled seed extract-MECA) act significantly and dose-dependently reduced blood glucose levels in glucose - loaded mice by 27.7, 31.9, 36.2, and 42.2%, respectively, at doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg per kg in comparison to a standard antihyperglycemic drug, glibenclamide, which reduced blood glucose levels by 48.2% at a dose of 10 mg per kg. In acetic acid induced writhing tests in mice, MECA at the afore - mentioned doses reduced the number of writhings, respectively, by 21.4, 35.7, 39.3, and 46.4% versus the 42.9 and 53.6% reductions observed with a standard analgesic drug, aspirin, at doses of 200 and 400 mg per kg, respectively. MECA thus demonstrated considerable antihyperglycemic and analgesic properties and might be used to alleviate high blood glucose levels and provide relief from pain.

Keywords: Antihyperglycemic, Cicer arietinum, Analgesic, Fabaceae

Location: University of Development Alternative, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-05-2015

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Chickpea

Objectives:

To evaluate the antihyperglycemic and analgesic potential of methanolic extract of C. arietinum seeds (chick pea)

Methodology:

Seeds of C. arietinum were collected during May 2015 from a local market in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Dried seeds were steamed over boiling distilled water for 15 minutes, which is the average time used for cooking the seeds in Bangladesh. Steamed seeds were next dried, pulverized into a fine powder and 200g of powder was extracted with 1 liter methanol (final weight of the extract 9.986g). Extract was dissolved in Tween 20 prior to administration to mice by gavaging. Glibenclamide, aspirin, and glucose were obtained from Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Bangladesh. All other chemicals were of analytical grade. Swiss albino mice, which weighed between 11 - 15g were used in the present study. The animals were obtained from International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B). The animals were acclimatized for three days prior to actual experiments. The study was conducted following approval by the Institutional Animal Ethical Committee of University of Development Alternative, Dhaka, Bangladesh.Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were carried out as per the procedure previously described with minor modifications. Briefly, fasted mice were grouped into six groups of five mice each. The various groups received different treatments like Group 1 received vehicle (1% Tween 20 in water, 10 ml/kg body weight) and served as control, Group 2 received standard drug (glibenclamide, 10 mg/kg body weight). Groups 3 - 6 received methanolic boiled seed extract (MECA) dissolved in Tween 20 at doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg per kg body weight. All substances were orally administered by gavaging. The amount of Tween 20 administered was same in both control and experimental mice. Following a period of one hour as described earlier, all mice were orally administered 2g glucose/kg of body weight. Blood samples were collected 120 minutes after the glucose administration through puncturing heart following previously published procedures. Blood glucose levels were measured by glucose oxidase method. The percent lowering of blood glucose levels were calculated according to the formula described below. Percent lowering of blood glucose level = (1 – W e /W c ) X 100, W here W e and W c represents the blood glucose concentration in glibenclamide or MECA administered mice (Groups 2 - 6), and control mice (Group 1), respectively.Analgesic activity of methanolic extract of boiled seeds (MECA) was examined as previously described. Mice were divided into seven groups of five mice each. Group 1 served as control and was administered vehicle only. Groups 2 and 3 were orally administered the standard analgesic drug aspirin at doses of 200 and 400 mg per kg body weight, respectively. Groups 4 - 7 were administered MECA at doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg per kg body weight, respectively. Following a period of 60 minutes after oral administration of standard drug or MECA, all mice were intraperitoneally injected with 1% acetic acid at a dose of 10 ml per kg body weight. A period of 15 minutes was given to each animal to ensure bioavailability and onset of chemically induced irritation of acetic acid after a slight modification of procedure described earlier, following which period, the number of abdominal constrictions (writhings) was counted for 10 min. The percent inhibitions of abdominal constrictions were calculated according to the formula given below. Percent inhibition = (1 – W e /W c ) X 100. Where W e and W c represents the number of writhings in aspirin or MECA administered mice (Groups 2 - 7), and control mice (Group 1), respectively. Experimental values are expressed as mean ± SEM. Independent Sample t - test was carried out for statistical comparison. Statistical significance was considered to be indicated by a p value < 0.05 in all cases.

Source of Information: Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 5 ( 12 ), pp. 138 - 141, December, 2015, ISSN 2231-3354

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.7324/JAPS.2015.501224

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results suggest that methanolic extract of C. arietinum boiled seeds could be used for lowering of blood glucose and for alleviating pain.

Knowledge Management: Journal