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Efficiency of Integrated Rice, Fish and Duck Polyculture as Compared to Rice and Fish Culture in a Selective Area of Khulna District, Bangladesh

S.S. Islam
Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh.

MG. Azam
Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh.

S.K Adhikary
Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh.

K.S. Wickramarachchi
Agricultural Systems and Engineering, Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted in Batyaghata sub-districts, Khulna, Bangladesh to observe how three different components of rice, duck and fish in a polyculture system are benefited from each other. The study was conducted in a land size of 0.087 ha, which was divided into two parts measuring 0.058 and 0.029 ha. In the larger part (0.058 ha) ducks and fishes were introduced along with rice. Rice and fishes were cultured in the rest of the land. Four fish species namely, Rohu (Labeo ruhita), Catla (CatIa catIa), Mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio) and Nilotica (Oreochromis niloticus) were introduced in both parts of the land with a stocking density of 1800, 2700, 1500 and 2100 fry ha^-1 respectively. No additional feed was supplied for the fishes. Thirty ducks of Zending breed were allowed to graze in the larger part of the land. There were four male ducks and the rests were female. The ducks were allowed to graze during the daytime and they were confined in a house constructed on the corner of the land. The yield of rice was 690 kg ha^-1 where it was cultivated with ducks and fishes and 1450 kg ha^-1 where it was cultivated with fishes only. The possible reason of such unexpected results might be due to over grazing of ducks soon after the rice was transplanted. During the study period (3.5 months) the fish production was 1.23 and 0.91 t ha^-1 for rice- fish-duck poly culture and rice-fish culture s ys terns respectively. The egg production percentage of ducks was 61.21. The analysis of variance in respect of culture systems showed that the growth performances of Rohu, Catla and Mirror carp were highly significant (P≤0.001). Therefore, the duck dropping was found very effective for better growth and development of fishes.

Keywords: Integrated, Rice, Fish, Duck, Culture

Location: Batyaghata sub-district of Khulna district, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Rice, Fish, Duck

Objectives:

1.To evaluate the combining efficiency of rice, fish and duck in a rice-fish- duck integrated system and to quantify the effects of different components on each other. 2. To evaluate the relative efficiency of two systems.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in Batyaghata sub-district of Khulna district, Bangladesh. Most of the cultivable lands of the area was low lying and generally cultivated with transplanted local Aman rice. A farmer's field consisting an area of 0.087 ha was selected to conduct the study. Whole land area was well fenced to avoid damage from animal grazing. The study compared two different farming systems namely, rice-fish and rice-fish-duck systems. The total land area was divided into two plots. For rice-fish system, one-third of the area was allocated and the remaining two-third for the rice-fish-duck system. A popular local Aman rice variety (Zotai) was transplanted at the 1st September of 2000 with the seedling of around 40 days aged A spacing of 25x20 cm was used for transplanting rice. No fertilizer was applied for the rice assuming that duck droppings will supply the necessary nutrients. No weeding practice was followed for rice cultivation considering the natural weeding by the fish species integrated. Four fish species namely, Rohu (Labeo ruhita), Catla (Calla calla), Mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio) and Nilotica (Oreochromis niloticus) were cultured for both the systems. These species were selected based on the depth of water, temperature variability and relative distribution and availability of feed in rice fields. The rates of fish fry were 2700, 1800, 1500 and 21 00 fryha^-1 for Catla, Rohu, Mirror carp and Nilotica respectively. Fish fries were stocked in the rice field 7 days after transplanting (DAT) in a morning, Thirty ducks (500 ducks ha^-1) of Zending breed was selected with the average initial age of 150 days and weight of 1.1 kg. A small duck house was constructed at the comer of rice-fish-duck plot in a way so that duck droppings can be fallen into the water for supplying nutrients for both rice and fishes. Duck foraging was restricted only to the plot of rice-fish-duck system by fencing. Ducks were allowed to forage into the rice field after 2 weeks of fish stocking. The duck foraging was allowed only in daytime. They were supplied with supplemental feed containing wheat bran, rice polish, soybean meal meat meal, snail meal vitamin and common salt at a recommended rate of 90 g duck^-1 day^-1. Eggs were collected each morning and counted Rice was harvested 115 DAT and paddy yield was measured. Before harvesting fishes were allowed to enter into a small pond from which they were harvested. Descriptive analyses and analyses of variance (ANOVA) were performed on the data collected using SPSS statistical program and Microsoft-Excel program.

Source of Information: Pakistan J oumal of Biological Sciences 7 (4): 468-471, 2004 (ISSN 1028-8880)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

During the study period (3.5 months) the fish production was 1.23 and 0.91 t ha^-1 for rice-fish-duck poly culture and rice-fish culture systems respectively. The egg production percentage of ducks was 61.21. The analysis of variance in respect of culture systems showed that the growth performances of Rohu, Catla and Mirror carp were highly significant (P≤0.001). Therefore, the duck dropping was found very effective for better growth and development of fishes.

Knowledge Management: Journal