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Effect of Eyes Number in Cut Seed Tuber and Different Levels of Nitrogen on Growth, Yield and Grading of Tuber Size in Potato (solanum Tuberosum L.)

M. N. U. Shakh
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

M. A. Awal
Departrrent of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

S. U. Ahmed
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

M. A. Baten
Departrrent of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effect of different eyes number viz., E₁, E₂, and E₃ per cut seed tuber and five levels of nitrogen viz., N_o, N.₆₀, N₁₂₀, N₁₆₀,N₁₂₀N₂₄₀ and their all possible combinations on the growth, yield and tuber size grading of potato (cv. Diamantl was studied at the Bangladesh Agricultural University during 1997 and 1998 cropping season. Canopy coverage, main stem number hill^-1, tuber number hill^-1, significantly increased with the increasing number of eyes in cut seed tuber piece. Cut seed tuber piece with 3 eyes required the shortest period to shoot emergence, but produced the smallest tubers. Three eyed cut seed tuber produced the maximum tuber yield, 31.7 t ha^-1, which was statistically similar to 2- eyed seed piece 131.4 t ha^-1. Higher nitrogen significantly increased all the parameters studied and took less number of days to shoot emergence and tuber maturity. 240 KgN ha^-1 produced the maximum tuber yield (35.2 t ha^-1), but the performance of N₁₆₀and N₂₄₀ showed non-significant variation. Grade A (> 55 mm) and B (55-40 mm) sized tubers increased, but grade C (40-28 mm) and D (< 28 mm) sized tubers decreased with the increase of nitrogen. The highest tuber yield was obtained from the combination [s] of E₂ X N₂₄₀ or E₃ X N₁₈₀. Maximum tubers of grade A, B, C and D were produced from the combinations of E₁,/E₂ X N₂₄₀, E₁X N₆₀/N₂₄₀or E₂ xN₆₀/₁₈₀ or E₃X N₆₀, N₃ X N_o and E₂ X N_o respectively. From the economic point of view, 2-eyed seed tuber piece and 180 KgN ha^-1 were the best either singly or in combination to achieve maximum growth and yield potential.

Keywords: Potato, Seed tuber, Eyes number, Nitrogen levels, Tuber grading

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

To investigate on the influence of eye number in cut seed potato
To determine the level of nitrogen on the growth and tuber yield

Methodology:

The experiment on potato (cv. Diamant) was conducted at the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh to investigate the effect of eyes number in cut seed tubers and different levels of nitrogen on the growth, yield and grading of tuber size. Potato crop was grown in 1997-98 winter cropping season and seed planting was done on 25 November 1997 in unit plot size of 3.6 X 1.2 m²maintaining a spacing of 60 X 20 cm². Cut seed tubers containing single eye (E₁: 10g piece^-1), 2 eyes (E₂: 15g piece^-1) and 3 eyes (E₃: 20g piece^-1) were used as eyes number treatments. Five different levels of nitrogen viz., 0 (N_o), 60 (N_6o), 120 (N₁₂₀), 180 (N₁₈₀) and 240 (N_24o) KgN ha^-1 were applied as nitrogen treatments. All possible combinations of both treatments were also scheduled and the experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Manurers and fertilizers except N were applied following standard measurements as non-limiting to plant growth. Urea fertilizer was applied as a source of N as per treatment schedule. Half of the total N was applied during the final land preparation and the rest half was side-dressed along the line after 30 days after seed planting. Weeding, irrigation, earthing-up, plant protections and other cult ur al practices were done with utmost care as and when required. The data on days required for 80 % shoot emergence, shoot height at maturity, canopy coverage (%) at 75 days after planting, number of main stems hill^-1, number of tubers hill^-1, weight of individual tuber (g), days to physiological tuber maturity, tuber yield Ig hill^-1 and t ha^-1) and tuber grading (grade A> 55 mm; B=55-40 mm; C =40-28 mm and D< 28 mm in diameter) by number and weight bases were collected from the 10 randomly selected plants from each plot in such a way that the border effect was avoided for the highest precision. The collected data were analyzed statistically using MStat. Computer Package Program and the mean values were differentiated from each other with DMRT.

Source of Information: Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 4 (10): 1184-1187, 2001

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It had been demonstrated from the present observation that, potato tuber yield gradually increased with increasing N levels and the highest yield was obtained from 240 KgN ha^-1 which was statistically identical with 180 kg ha^-1 indicating that, application of N fertilizer beyond 180 kg ha^-1 might not be useful. Cut seed tuber piece containing 1 and 3 eyes were statistically similar in respect of tuber yield, but gave higher yield than that containing single eye. So, 2-eyed cut seed tuber might be useful as planting material from the economic point of view.

Knowledge Management: Journal