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Root Anatomy of Country Bean

M. Touhidul Islam
Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.

A. K. M. Azad-ud-doula Prodhan
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

A. K. M. Golam Sarwar
The Hokkaido University Meuseum, University of Hokkaido, Sapporo, Japan.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An anatomical investigation was done on the root of country bean (Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet) at different stages of growth following the standard paraffin method of microtechnique. The root is tetrarch with 4 strands of xylem and 4 strands of phloem. One strand of xylem alternates with one strand of phloem. The four opposite strands of the primary xylem meet at the centre. Ultimately the centre was filled up with big metaxylem vessels. Most of the vessels in the mature root are solitary while the others are paired or multiple. The epidermis was single layered with root hairs and glandular trichomes. The epidermis was ruptured here and there and the epidermal cells are disorganized due to the stress of secondary growth. Soon after the disorganization of the epidermal cells the phellogen appeared in the cortex. The cortex resembled a typical dicotyledonous plant excepting the endodermis, which is poorly developed. The cambium appears in the basal part of 4 days old root. In mature root, the fibre cells are arranged in groups. The fibre groups were radially arranged in such a way that the structure seems to be a pyramid. Adaxial to the phloem region, tanniniferous cells were then found. The protophloem sieve tubes were accompanied by hyperchromatic phloem parenchyma without any companion cell. The well-developed periderm was found in the root of country bean.

Keywords: Anatomy, Country bean, Lablab purpureus, Root

Location: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Start Date: 00-08-2000

End Date: 00-03-2001

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Country bean

Objectives:

To investigate on the anatomical features of the root of country bean at different stages of plant growth.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out in the BAU farm as well as in the Department of Crop Botany, BAU, Mymensingh, from August 2000 to March 2001. Mature seeds of country bean (Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet) were collected from the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The seeds were sown in earthen pots. The earthen pots were filled up with thoroughly prepared soil of the plots. Some seedlings of the earthen pots were transplanted in the pits of the experimental plots. The earthen pots were kept exposed to the normal weather condition so that the plants of both earthen pots and plots got more or less similar weather conditions. Some seeds were also placed on moist filter paper in petri dishes in the laboratory at room temperature of about 26-28°C. The petri dishes were kept in dark for about 24 h. The sprouting was considered as the 0 h of age of the plant. For investigation, the plant samples were collected from the petri dishes, pots and plot and were fixed in Craf III and in FAA after making small pieces of about 5 mm in length. The materials fixed in Craf III and FAA were dehydrated through the tertiary butyl alcohol (TBA) series. The materials fixed in FAA were washed in running water for 2-4 h before dehydration. The hard materials (those fixed in FAA) were dehydrated through ethyl alcohol series while the soft and delicate materials (those fixed in Craf III) were dehydrated through tertiary butyl alcohol (TBA) series. The succulent materials were dehydrated gradually making more grades of alcohol to avoid severe shrinkage. The dehydrated materials were then gradually infiltrated with heavy-duty paraffin oil and low melting point paraffin wax (49-51°C) for 2-3 days. After infiltration the materials were embedded in high melting point paraffin wax (61-63°C). There was less shrinkage when the materials were infiltrated for a longer period. Serial transverse sections of the wax embedded materials were obtained at 10 μ using a rotary microtome. The fresh and fixed materials were also sectioned by hand with ordinary razor blades. The hand sections were stained with safranin dissolved in 30% alcohol solution and temporary slides were made. Finally, the sections were stained with safranin and fast green and mounted in Canada balsam after proper dehydration with ethyl alcohol and clearing with xylene. Olympus binocular compound microscope (Japan) has been used to investigate the anatomical sections.

Source of Information: International Journal of Agricultural Research, 2(6): 508-517, 2007, ISSN 1816-4897.

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/ijar.2007.508.517, URL: http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijar.2007.508.517

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The protophloem sieve tubes were found to be accompanied by hyperchromatic phloem parenchyma without any companion cell. The well-developed periderm was found in the root of country bean.

Knowledge Management: Journal