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Quantification of Residue Degradation of Fenitrothion and Chlorpyriphos in Major Vegetables Under Supervised Field Trial

M. S. Ahmed
Entomology Division, BARI, Gazipur

M. A. Rahman
Entomology Division, BARI, Gazipur

M. W. Akone
Entomology Division, BARI, Gazipur

Afroza begum
Entomology Division, BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was undertaken to detect and quantify the left over residue of fenitrothion in tomato. cabbage. red amaranth, country bean, brinjal and cauliflower; chlorpyriphos in country bean, brinjal, cabbage. cauliflower. red amaranth and coriander and comparison between the detected residue levels with Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) set by FAOIWHo. Two supervised field trials (one for fenitrothion and another for chlorpyriphos) were carried out sprayed with the field dose (/.5 ml/L of water) offenitrothion and chlorpyriphos. Samples were collected at 0, 1,2, 3. 4, 5, 6, 7. 8. 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 days after spray (DAS). The left over residue of fenitrothion was detected up to 11 DAS and the quantities were above MRL up to 8 DAS with 0.101 ppm in cauliflower; 7 DAS with 0.159 ppm in brinjal and 0.104 ppm in country bean; 6 DAS with 0.515 ppm in red amaranth and 0.509 ppm in cabbage and 5 DAS with 0.537 ppm in tomato. The quantity decreased down to 0.072-0.019 ppm in cauliflower (9-11 DAS), 0.051-0.011 ppm in brinjal, 0;085- 0.013 ppm in country bean (8-10 DAS). 0.079-0.032 ppm in cabbage (7-8 DAS), 0.125-0.014 ppm in red amaranth (7 to 10 DAS) and 0.392-0.021 ppm in tomato (6 to 10 DAS) which were be/ow MRL. Chlorpyriphos was detected up to 12 DAS, of which up to 7 DAS the quantities of residue were above MRL in coriander and red amaranth, but in cabbage and cauliflower, the quantity of residue was above MRL at 6 DAS where as in case of country bean and brinjal it was 4 DAS. This insecticide remained 0.378-0.015 ppm residue in coriander, 0.122-0.021 ppm in red amaranth, 0.032-0.014 ppm in cauliflower, 0.044-0.023 ppm in cabbage, 0.102-0.026 ppm in brinjal and 0.143-0.019 ppm in country bean which were below MRL at 5 to 12 days after sprays. At 13 DAS, no residue was detected.

Keywords: Qualification,Residue degradation, Fenitrothion, Major vegetables

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insecticide

Objectives:

To assess the amount and degradation rate of leftover residue of two frequently used insecticides in tomato, coriander, cabbage, red amaranth, country bean, brinjal and cauliflower.

Methodology:

The standard for Fenitrothion and Chlorpyriphos were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Laborchemikalien, Gmbh P 0 Box-100262 0-30918, Seelze, Germany via Bangladesh Scientific Pvt. ltd. Dhaka, Bangladesh. Standards of both insecticides contained 99.6% purity. Marketable size of tomato, cabbage, red amarenth, country bean, brinjal, cauliflower were collected from two different supervised field trials at 0, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 days after spray (DAS) which were sprayed with Fenitrothion and Chlorpyriphos @ 1.5 mIlL of water. The formulated products of those were Sumithion 50EC and Dursban 20EC. The purity of formulated insecticides were tested in the pesticide analytical laboratory and found to be 100% pure. Extraction and separation: Field collected samples (250g) were cut down into small pices by knifeon white board and mix well. A sub sample of20g was taken into a wide mouth jar then 100 ml of hexane was added to it. Sodium sulphate (Na2S0₄) was also added with sample until water was removed from the sample. The mixture was then macerated with high-speed homogenizer (Ultraturax, IKA TI8 basic, Germany) for 2 minutes. The homogenized material was then poured into 250 ml conical flask and placed into the shaker (Orbital Shaking Incubator, Rexmed, Sweden for 12 hrs continuous shaking. After shaking, the slurry was filtered through a Buchner funnel with suction. The flask and filter cakes were rinsed with 25 ml of hexane each. The filtrate was then transferred into 250 ml round bottom flask and was dried to 5 ml by evaporation using a rotary vacuum evaporator (Laborota-4001, Heidolph, Germany). The concentrated filtrate was then transferred into 500 ml separatory funnel making 10 ml in volume. Around 20 ml methanol was added with 10 ml filtrate and shaked vigorously for 5 minutes. After shaking, the separatory funnel was set on stand and kept undisturbed for 5 minutes. Then the clear part of the solution from the bottom ofthe separatory funnel was collected in a vial which was then centrifuged at 1200 rpm for 5 minutes (Laboratory Centrifuges, Sigma-3K30, Germany). After centrifuge, supernatant was collected for injection. Before injection, this volume was again cleaned up by High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) filter (0.2 PTFE) which was ready for injection.

Source of Information: Annual Research report, Entomology Division, BARI, Gazipur, 2013-2014

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The result revealed that residue of fenitrothion in country bean could be detected up to 10 DAS. The quantities of residue were above MRL up to 7 DAS and these were 6.344 ppm, 2.242 ppm, 1.468 ppm, 0.682 ppm, 0.453 ppm, 0.301 ppm, 0.219 ppm and 0.104 ppm at 0, 1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7 DAS, respectively. The sample of 8, 9 and 10 DAS contained 0.085 ppm, 0.046 ppm and 0.013 ppm residue which were below MRL set by FAa-WHO (2008). No residue was detected at 11 DAS.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings