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Genotypic and Seasonal Variation in Plant Development and Yield Attributes in Tomato (lycopersicon Esculentum Mill.) Cultivars

M. Ashrafuzzaman
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

M. A. Haque
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

M. Razi Ismail
Laboratory of Food Crops and Floriculture, Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University of Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

M. T. Islam
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

S. M. Shahidullah
Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University of Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Morphological attributes and yield of eight genotypes of tomato namely, J-5, Binatomato-5, BARItomato-7, CLN-2026, CLN-2366, CLN-2413, CLN-2418 and CLN-2443 were studied over three seasons.Experiments in this regard were carried out in the field of the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, during July 2006 to June 2007. Effects of seasonal and genotypic variations were investigated. Their combined effect on plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of flower clusters per plant, number of fruit clusters per plant, number of fruits per plant, individual fruit weight, fruit yield were found to be significant. Fruit yield and almost all the morphological attributes of tomato genotypes were at peak in winter followed by pre-winter and summer season. Over three seasons, the genotype CLN-2413 produced the highest fruit yield followed by BARI tomato-7 producing the tallest plants with maximum number of primary branches and the highest number of fruits per plant. The genotypes Binatomato-5, CLN-2026 and CLN-2418 ranked 3rd and CLN-2366 and CLN-2443 ranked 4th with respect to yield performance. The genotype J-5 produced the lowest number of fruits per plant and fruit yield. In winter, fruits number and yield were highest in CLN-2413 while BARI tomato-7 carried the statistically same rank.

Keywords: Tomato, Yield attributes, Growing season, Seasonal variation,Morphological attributes

Location: Experimental field,Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh.

Start Date: 00-07-2006

End Date: 00-06-2007

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

To evaluate genotypic variation and some morphological attributes and
To select the better genotypes of tomato with respect to yield performance.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at the experimental field of the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, during July 2006 to June 2007. The experimental site is located in the sub-tropical zone at 24°75'N latitude and 90°50'E longitude, 18 m altitude, characterized by heavy rainfall, high humidity, high temperature and relatively long days during June to September and scanty rainfall associated with moderately low temperature, low humidity and short days during winter season. The soil is a silty loam in texture having the pH value 6.5. The land was ploughed and well pulverized by a power tiller and subsequent laddering. Manure and fertilizers were used at 10 tone of composted cowdung, 100 kg N (as urea), 50 kg P (as triple super phosphate) and 125 kg K (as muriate of potash) per hectare. Total amount of cowdung and triple super phosphate and half of urea and muriate of potash were applied during land preparation. The remaining half of urea and muriate of potash were applied 30 and 50 Days after Transplanting (DAT) in two equal splits. The experiment was set in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The experiment was composed of eight tomato genotypes, J-5, Binatomato-5, BARItomato-7, CLN-2026, CLN-2366, CLN-2413, CLN-2418 and CLN-2443. Seedlings were raised in pots. Thirty-day-old seedlings were transplanted onto the experimental plot in the afternoon of 31 July for pre winter, 4 November for winter 2006 and 4 March 2007 for summer season, respectively. Gap filling was done within a week with the healthy seedlings of same genotypes previously planted in the border area. Weeding and mulching were accomplished as necessary. Seedlings were watered daily in the morning until 20 Days After Planting (DAP). This watering performed irrespective of the season following the irrigation treatments till harvest. Plants were supported by sticks. White flies were controlled with Dimecron 50 EC in 2 ml L^-1 water at 15 days interval. Precautionary measures against disease infestation, especially late blight was done biweekly by spraying Dithane M-45 in 2 g L^-1 of water. Data were collected from 10 randomly selected plants in each plot. Data of plant height, number of primary branches, number of flower clusters, number of fruit clusters, number of fruits per plant, individual fruit weight, fruit yield (kg plant^-1) and fruit yield (t ha^-1) were compiled and analyzed statistically following factorial experiment over season with MSTAT-C software. Differences among the genotypes and treatment means were compared by Duncan’s new multiple range test.

Source of Information: International Journal of Botany, 6(1): 41-46, 2010, ISSN 1811-9700.

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/ijb.2010.41.46; URL: http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijb.2010.41.46

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Tomato genotype CLN-2366 produced the highest number of flower and fruit clusters plant^-1 , while CLN-2413 produced the highest number of fruits and fruit yield. In contrast, BARI tomato-7 and BINA tomato-5 showed higher plant height and maximum number of primary branches plant^-1. The genotype CLN-2413 showed the best yield performance over seasons.

Knowledge Management: Journal