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Genotypic and Seed Age Response on Germination and Early Seedling Growth to Salinity in Modern Rice

M Z Alam
Senior Scientific Officer
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701

T Stuchbury
Lecturer
University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.

R E L Naylor
Professor
University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.

M M Rashid
Scientific Officer
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A Genotypic and seed age response on germination and early seedling growth at varied salinity levels were examined. Unaged (normal seed) and controlled deteriorated (45⁰C for 24, 30, 36, 42 or 48 hr) rice seeds were subjected to germination using paper towel method. Ageing up to 24 hr had no deleterious effect on seed germination. However, ageing for 36 and 48 hr reduced length and rate of extension of plumule and radicle. Mild ageing (24 and 30 hr) stimulated growth of plumule and radicle and also germination, especially in intermediate vigour seeds indicating metabolic repair. Severe ageing (>30 hr) reduced both plumule and radicle growth largely and similarly. No correlation was found between the performance of rice genotypes in salt condition (unaged) and their performance in water after elevated ageing. Salt-sensitive variety IR8, salt-tolerant variety BR23 along with BRRI dhan29 had good quality seed. Salt-tolerant breeding lines BR533 1-93-2-8-4, BR5778-156-1-3 and BR5828-11-1-4 were identified with poor quality seed. Seed quality of BRI192-2B-35, BR5331-93-2-8-3, BR5842-15-4-8 and BRRI dhan31 were found to be intermediate.

Keywords: Genotype, Seed age, Germination, Early seedling growth, Salinity, Modern rice

Location:

Start Date: 00-07-1998

End Date: 00-12-2000

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To quantify the effect of seed ageing on the germination and early seedling growth of some rice genotypes.

Methodology:

Ten rice genotypes were used for the purpose.Seeds were stored from July 1998 to December 2000 at 6°C and then the study was initiated. Five replicates of 25 seeds of each genotype were weighed, grounded and then placed in an oven at 130°C for one hour. After drying, they were cooled in a desiccator for about one hour and reweighed. Seed moisture content was calculated and expressed as a proportion of the fresh weight. Seed samples were screened under a low magnification binocular microscope and broken seeds were removed. Moisture content of each sample was raised to 24% by placing seeds on a moistened germination paper in a covered 90 mm diameter plastic petri dishes. Seeds were regularly removed from the germination paper and weighed after quickly surface-drying with paper tissue. Samples were re-weighed until the required weight was reached. The required weight of the seed at this specified moisture content was calculated as: W₂ = {(100-A)/(100-B)}*W₁. Where, W₂ = the final weight of seed (g), A = initial seed moisture content, B = required seed moisture content and W₁ = initial weight of seed (g). When a sample reached 24% moisture content it was sealed in a aluminium foil packet and held at 5°C for 18 hr to permit even moisture distribution between and within the seeds. Foil packets were placed in water bath at 45°C for 0, 24, 30, 36, 42 or 48 hr. Seeds were then removed from packets, placed in a petri dish and put in an incubator at 21 ± 1⁰C and the weight was taken regularly until they had dried back to their initial weight and moisture content. From each ageing treatment four replicate samples of 25 seeds were germinated as described in the previous study. Mean germination time and germination rate were also calculated according to the formula cited in the previous study. Plumule and radicle measurements were recorded at nine day and were analysed using analysis of covariance to allow for the different germination times and therefore different opportunities for growth of the various' treatments. Initial seed vigour of ten rice genotypes was estimated plotting the probit of percentage viability against time and calculating linear regression according to formula, v = K_i - p/ó. Where v = probit of percentage viability after any storage period (P), K_i and Ó are constants (Ellis and Roberts, 1980a). The intercept, when deterioration time is zero is termed K_i and is the measure of the quality or vigour of the seed lot. All percentage germination data were transformed to arc sine values before statistical analysis. Data were analysed using analysis of variance in GENSTAT and differences between pairs of treatments were determined by Student's t- test.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice J. 12 (1 & 2) : 37-43, 2007

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results of the present work indicate that,neither germination nor early seedling growth of these modern rice varieties were influenced by seed quality. This is clear from the result that. up to 30 hr ageing germination and early seedling growth even of the poor seed quality genotypes were little or not affected at all. These results suggest that most of the seed samples used were of good quality and that any differences in salt tolerance in previous experiment are likely to be genetic in origin.

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