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Factor Intensity and Economic Returns of Alternate Shrimp-crop and Shrimp-salt Farming in the Coastal Areas of Bangladesh

M. Serajul Islam
Department of Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

Azahar Ali Miah
Department of Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

M. Mojammel Haque
Department of Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

Sadika Sharmin
Department of Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The paper examines the factor intensity and economic returns of alternate shrimp-crop and shrimp-salt farming in the coastal areas of Bangladesh. Data were collected from total 120 farms of Paikgacha of Khulna, Shamnagar of Satkhira and Teknaf and Chokaria of Cox's Bazar district spreaded as; 30 shrimp-crop and 30 shrimp-salt farmers, 30 shrimp farmers and 30 rice farms/farmers from selected coastal districts of Bangladesh. Cobb-Douglas production function model was used to determine the effect of various factors on alternate shrimp-crop farming. The chosen variables were stocking of juveniles, paddy seed, labour, fertilizers, feed and farm size of respective type of farming. The results indicated that the production function exhibited increasing returns to scale for alternate shrimp-rice, alternate shrimp-salt and year round shrimp farming while it indicated decreasing returns for year round rice farming. Economic analysis of same system of farming indicated that higher amount of input use produced higher level of yield, gross return and net return for each type of production system.

Keywords: Economic return, Alternate shrimp-crop farming

Location: Khulna, Satkhira and Cox's Bazar districts

Start Date: 00-06-2000

End Date: 00-07-2001

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Shrimp, Rice

Objectives:

To analyze the factor intensity and economic returns of alternate shrimp-crop farming in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The study was carried out for the from period June 2000 to July 2001. Three study areas nemely, Paikgacha of Khulna, Shamnagar of Satkhira and Teknaf and Chokaria of Cox's Bazar district.were purposively selected depending upon the concentration of shrimp farms. Paikgacha of Khulna, Shamnagar of Satkhira and Teknaf and Chokaria of Cox's Bazar district.(60 shrimp-crop farmers, 30 shrimp farmers and 30 rice farmers) were selected under different management systems to analyze resource productivity and to determine the economic returns of alternate shrimp-crop farming and year round rice farming in shrimp growing areas. As the shrimps are still produced seasonally in traditional methods with and alternately with rice and salt production, data were collected both for shrimp and other crops, if they were produced in the same farming areas. Data and information on shrimp production under different management, cost of using inputs and revenue received from disposal of shrimps and other crops were also collected from shrimp farmers. Stocking shrimp seed should be considered as first and prime input. Numbers of fingerling stocked depend on its size and farm condition because a shrimp farm can support a certain quantity of shrimp in its limited space and natural food. The number of fingerling stocked and harvesting of shrimp followed by stocking varied among the farm categories. As a result, the yield of shrimp also varied among the farm categories. Use of urea and TSP is very important to increase shrimp production. Therefore, there are reasons to hypothesize that these two elements of material costs will have significant effect on alternate shrimp-crop farm output. On the other hand, urea and TSP were used in rice production to have higher amount of yield and income. Application of artificial feed is one of the principal methods to increase shrimp production. It varies according to the intensity of cultivation. Again, intensity of feeding depends on its economic use, which was related to scale of production and input-output prices. Animal labour was used for preparing land for rice production. But human labour was the most important and largely used input for producing aU types of enterprises. The intensity of using labour depended upon how carefully and what operations the farmers had done. Both family and hired labour were used in different phases of production. A suitable farm size is required to minimize the cost and maximize the production of farm enterprises. Farm size might vary in different locations on the basis of physical and socioeconomic environment. Seed was related with the alternate shrimp-rice and year round rice farming. It was included as one of the explanatory variables to explain the productivity of farm. Optimum amount of seed should be used to increase the yield. Manure and pesticides are used for the production of rice. Manure increases the soil fertility and pesticides are used to protect crops from pests and diseases. However, application of these two inputs would have positive impact on rice production.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Fish. Res., 7(2), 2003: 179-188

Article Link (Online Journal): http://aquaticcommons.org/17791/1/BJFR7.2_179.pdf

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It might be concluded that, shrimp does not significantly influence the short term rice production and its performance. However, for shrimp farming, management system should be improved to increase farm production and income up to a desired level.

Knowledge Management: Journal