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Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Analysis in Irrigated Hybrid Rice

M . J . Hasan
Hybrid Rice Section, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh.

M . U . Kulsum
Hybrid Rice Section, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh.

A . Akter
Hybrid Rice Section, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh.

A . S . M . Masuduzzaman
Hybrid Rice Section, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh.

M . S . Ramesha
Rice Breeder
CSISA project, Barwale Foundation, Hyderabad, India

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Twenty four hybrid rice varieties of diverse origin were studied for genetic variability, correlation and path analysis under medium high land condition of Gazipur by the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) revealing little influence of environment in character expression. High values of heritability along with moderate genetic advance were observed for panicle/m², days to 50% flowering and plant height. Grain yield showed positive significant association with number of effective tillers/hill, panicle/m², spikelet fertility and thousand grain weight at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Same traits had highest significant positive effect on yield.

Keywords: Genetic variability, Correlation, Path analysis, Hybrid rice

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2010

End Date: 00-00-2010

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To find out, variability and correlation of 24 rice hybrids among yield and its contributing characters under direct seeded condition in medium high land.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, during Aus season, 2010 with twenty four hybrid rice varieties collected from different parts of Bangladesh. It was set in RCBD with three replications. In this experiment, sprouted seeds were sown on well prepared puddle land. Direct seeding was done by using Drum Seeder. Unit plot size was 8 m². Thinning was done at proper time. Fertilizers were applied @ 150: 100: 70:60: 10 kg/ha Urea, TSP, MP, Gypsum and ZnSO₄ respectively. Basal: ¼ Urea, Full dose of TSP, Gypsum, ZnSO₄, 2/3MP; Top dressing: ¼ Urea (15-20 DAT), ¼ Urea (35-40 DAT), ¼ Urea (booting stage) and 1/3 MP at 2^ndtop dress of urea. Water management; weeding and insects & pest control was done when it is required. Data was collected from ten randomly selected plants from each plot on plant height (cm), number of effective tillers/hill, number of panicles/m² flag leaf length, days to 50% flowering, spikelet fertility (%), panicle length (cm), thousand grain weight (TGW) and plot yield (t/ha). The analysis of variance was done using MSTAT C software. Genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were estimated as per Singh and Chaudhary (1979). The broad sense heritability and genetic advance in percent of mean were calculated as suggested by Jonson et al. (1955). Normal Pearson’s correlation was calculated using SPSS 10.0 software. Genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficients were calculated following Miller et al. (1958). Path coefficient analysis was estimated according to the method suggested by Dewey and Lu (1959).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Pl. Breed. Genet, 24(1): 45-51 (2011)

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.banglajol.info/index.php/BJPBG/article/viewFile/16999/11954

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The analysis of variance revealed highly significant variations among the varieties for all the characters studied. The phenotypic variance was partitioned into genotypic and environmental variances for a clear understanding of the pat tern of variations. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the characters studied indicating the presence of environmental influence to some degrees in the phenotypic expression of characters. GCV was the highest (21.58) for grain yield followed by flag leaf length (12.14) and days to 50% flowering (10.04) indicating higher degree of genetic variability among the tested hybrid for these traits.The genotypic correlation coefficients in most cases were higher than their phenotypic correlation coefficients indicating the genetic reason of association. In some cases phenotypic correlation coefficient were higher than genotypic correlation indicating suppressing effect of the environment which modified the expression of the characters at phenotypic level. Grain yield was positively correlated with number of effective tillers per hill, panicle length, spikelet fertility and thousand grain weight. Plant height showed significant and positive correlation with flag leaf length and panicle length was significant both at genotypic and phenotypic level.

Flag leaf length had positive significant association with panicle/m² both at genotypic and phenotypic level but no significant impact with yield. Panicle length had positive and significant association with spikelet fertility and thousand grain weight. Panicle/m² was positively and significantly correlated with spikelet fertility thousand grain weight and grain yield but negative significant association with days to maturity both at genotypic and phenotypic level.

Path coefficient analysis revealed that spikelet fertility and panicle/m² possessed the highest positive effect on grain yield followed by thousand grain weight and number of effective tillers per hills. This indicates that more filled grain in panicle is the highly reliable component of grain yield. Another important character with high direct effect on seed yield is panicle/m² which showed positive direct effect on seed yield. Hence, spikelet fertility and panicle/m² should be given prior attention in rice improvement program because of their major influence on yield.

Knowledge Management: Journal