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Effect of Fungicides Against Bipolaris Oryzae of Rice Under in Vitro Condition

Md. Farid Ahmed
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

K. M. Khalequzzaman
Plant Pathology Division, Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Bogra, Bangladesh.

Md. Nazrul Islam
Seed Pathology Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M. K. Anam
Seed Pathology Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M. Tahasinul Islam
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Experiments were conducted in the Laboratory of Plant Pathology Department and Seed Pathology Laboratory (SPL), Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh during June to December, 2000.Twelve seed samples of rice were tested and all were found infected by Bipolaris oryzae the cause of brown spot disease of rice. Highest (5.5%) and lowest (1.5%) incidence was found in sample of Bhabokhali and Mahozompur, respectively. Four fungicides viz. Bavistin, Hinosan, Tilt 250 EC and Dithane M-45 were evaluated against Bipolaris oryzae. Dithane M-45 was the best with 100% reduction of the prevalence of the pathogen and inhibited the mycelial growth at 0.3% of the seed weight as seed treatments and 500 ppm as mycelial growth inhibition test followed by Tilt 250 EC, Hinosan and Bavistin. All test fungicides were effective against Bipolaris oryzae at higher concentration.

Keywords: Fungicides, Bipolaris oryzae rice, In vitro condition

Location: Mymensingh district, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-06-2000

End Date: 00-12-2000

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

To determine comparative efficacy of different fungicides and their concentrations in controlling Bipolaris oryzae that cause brown spot disease of rice.

Methodology:

The experiments were conducted in the Laboratory of Plant Pathology Department and Seed Pathology Laboratory (SPL), Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh during June to December, 2000. Twelve seed samples of rice variety BR 11 (Mukta) were collected from 12 villages of Mymensingh district, Bangladesh. Two hundred seeds were randomly collected from each sample. The seeds were plated on water soaked three layered blotter papers in plastic petridishes. In each petridish, 25 seeds were plated at equal distance. All these petriplates were incubated at 22 ± 1°C under 12 hours cycle of alternate near ultra violet light and darkness. After 10 days of incubation, petriplates were observed under stereo-binocular microscope for the presence of Bipolaris oryzae. Temporary slides were prepared from the fungal colony of Bipolaris oryzae and examined under compound microscope. The samples with highest incidence of Bipolaris oryzae were selected for seed treatment. The fungal colonies were transferred to PDA in glass petridishes for purification. The purified cultures were kept in a refrigerator for subsequent uses. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 13 treatments (including control). The seed treating fungicides (treatments) were Bavistin (carbendazim), Hinosan (edifenphos), Dithane M-45 (mancozeb) and Tilt 250 EC (propiconazole). Every fungicide was tested at three concentrations such as, 0.20, 0.25 and 0.30% of the seed weight. Each fungicide was taken in a 250 ml conical flask containing 100 of seeds. The flasks were shaken for 15 minutes and then fungicide solutions were drained off and seeds were placed on moist filter paper in petridishes. Two hundred highest Bipolaris oryzae infected seeds from each treatment were plated and incubated at 25±1°C for 10 days under 12 hr alternate cycle of near ultra violet light and darkness. Seedling vigour test by paper roll method was done. In this method each fungicide was tested at three conc. such as 0.20, 0.25 and 0.30% of seed weight and one untreated control. Two hundred seeds for each treatment were tested by using paper towel method (Singh and Rao, 1977). Fifty seeds were placed in rows on two layered moistened paper towels and then the towels were rolled and closed both ends by using rubber bands and placed it in a up right position for 5-7 days at 30±2°C and in light regime of 12 hours each day. After 7 days of setting of experiment the germination was counted. For determination of seedling vigour 10 seedlings were randomly selected from each towel band and their individual shoot and root length were measured. The vigour of the seedlings were determined. Mycelial growth inhibition test was done by Poison food method. PDA plates were prepared and after solidification of the medium 3 cups of 7 mm diameter were made at three equidistant places by disc cutter. 50, 100, 250 and 500 ppm concentrations were also used in this method. Three drops of fungicides were put into each cup and the plates were stored in a refrigerator overnight. In the following day, fungal block (7 days old culture) containing culture medium was placed in cups. For control treatment, only water was used instead of fungicides. The plates were then placed at 26±2°C for 5 days. After 5 days data were collected as that of poison food method. Recorded data were analyzed by Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) to find out the differences of controlling efficacy of selected fungicides on Bipolaris oryzae.

Source of Information: Pakistan Journal of Plant Pathology, 1(1): 4-7, 2002.

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/ppj.2002.4.7; URL: http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ppj.2002.4.7

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results of mycelial growth inhibition test indicated that all the test fungicides possess inhibitory effect. However, considering their efficacy, Dithane M-45 was noted as the suitable fungicide followed by Tilt 250 EC, Hinosan and Bavistin against Bipolaris oryzae. Excellent performance of Dithane M-45 in controlling the mycelial growth of Bipolaris oryzae was exhibited at 500 ppm where growth of the fungus totally inhibited. Dithane M-45 as the best fungicide against Bipolaris oryzae, with the greatest effect at 500 ppm. In this concentration, all the fungicides significantly reduced the mycelial growth. However, Tilt 250 EC, Bavistin and Hinosan also showed inhibitory effect on the growth of Bipolaris oryzae. It has been clearly observed that all test fungicides were effective against Bipolaris oryzae at higher concentration. Among them, Dithane M-45 was the best fungicide.

Knowledge Management: Journal