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Effect of Pseudomonas Fluorescens in Controlling Bacterial Wilt of Tomato

K. M. Khalequzzaman
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Bogra, Bangladesh.

M. A. Jinnah
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M. A. A. M. Rashid
Sugarcane Purchasing Centre, Birganj, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

M. N. A. Chowdhury
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Md. Masud Alam
Spices Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Bogra, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Bogra during the year 2000–2001 in green house condition.Two variety of tomato viz. Manik and Pusha rubi were used to evaluate the efficacy of antagonistic P. fluorescens in controlling wilt of tomato caused by R. solanacearum and in increasing yield . Four treatments i.e. R. solanacearum (10⁶ c.f.u./ml) was used as control and P. fluorescens was used as 10⁹, 10⁸ and 10⁷ c.f.u./ml suspension. Manik (V₁) showed least bacterial wilt incidence and Pusa rubi (V₂) showed highest wilt incidence at 30, 45 and 60 DAI. T₁ (P. fluorescens 10⁹ c.f.u./ml) and combined effect of V₁T₁ decreased wilt of tomato at all stages and increased fruit yield. T₀ (control-only R. solanacearum 10⁶ c.f.u./ml) and V₂T₀increased bacterial wilt at all stages and decreased fruit yield. So, T₁ and V₁T₁ might be used for controlling bacterial wilt of tomato and increasing yield.

Keywords: Bacterial wilt, Pseudomonas fluorescens, R. solanacearum, Tomato

Location: Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Bogra, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2000

End Date: 00-00-2001

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Tomato, Diseases

Objectives:

To evaluate the efficacy of antagonistic P. fluorescens in controlling wilt of tomato caused by R. solanacearum and in increasing yield in green house condition.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Bogra, Bangladesh during 2000–2001. Wilted tomato plants caused by R. solanacearum were collected from the farm of different places of Bogra district. Presence of pathogen was detected in the host by ooze test. The bacterium was isolated by extracting the ooze by the dilution plating technique. Well-separated virulent colonies of R. solanacearum were grown on nutrient agar (NA) media by streaking. Three to four loops full of the virulent colonies were suspended in sterilized distilled water taken in screw cap tubes. The tubes were stored at ±5⁰C and considered as stock culture of the R. solanacearum. Pathogenicity test was carried out for the virulent culture of R. solanacearum isolated from diseased tomato plants. P. fluorescens strain PF1 was collected from Bacteriology Division, Seed Pathology Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. P. fluorescens isolate was purified on NA media and preserved in the screw cap tubes and considered as stock culture of the P. fluorescens. Twenty milliters sterile water was added in per plate culture of P. fluorescens and per plate culture of R. solanacearum. The bacterial colony was scrapped and mixed well with sterile water and it was used as stock suspension. P. fluorescens suspension contained 10¹⁰ c.f.u./ml and R. solanacearum suspension contained 10⁷ c.f.u./ml. Seeds of tomato var. manik (V₁) were collected from Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur and another var. pusa ruby (V₂) were collected from royal seed store, Natoon Bazar, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Seeds of both cultivars were stored in refrigerator at 5-7⁰C until use for subsequent studies. Soil was treated with formaldehyde as fumigant. The test soil was moistened with formaldehyde having concentration of 0.2% and kept under polythene cover for 7 days. The soil was then uncovered and allowed to be defumed of gas from the soil for seven days. Earthen pots were used for this experiment. Twenty four pots were filled with sterilized soil. Then the seedlings were transplanted in the pot. The pot soil was inoculated with P. fluorescencs suspension 5 days before transplanting of seedling and R. solanacearum (10⁶ c.f.u./ml) was inoculated in that pot 5 days after transplanting. The experiment was conducted in completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors. The pots were arranged on the green house floor. Two variety of tomato viz. manik (V₁) and pusha rubi (V₂) were used. Following four treatments were used for this experiment: T₀= Control (not treated with P. fluorescens suspension, treated with 106 c.f.u./ml R. solanacearum suspension), T₁= Treated with P. fluorescens suspension which was 10 times diluted from stock suspension contained 109 c.f.u./ml, T₂= Treated with P. fluorescens suspension which was 100 times diluted from stock suspension contained 108 c.f.u./ml, T₃= Treated with P. fluorescens suspension which was 1000 times diluted from stock suspension contained 107 c.f.u./ml. The treatment combinations were V₁T₀, V₁T₁, V₁T₂, V₁T₃, V₂T₀, V₂T₁, V₂T₂ and V₂T₃. Data were recorded after 30, 45 and 60 days of inoculation of R. solanacearum, on percentage of wilted plants and finally on yield. The collected data were statistically analyzed and mean values were adjusted by Duncan’s new multiple range test (DMRT).

Source of Information: Pakistan Journal of Plant Pathology, 1(2-4): 71-73, 2002

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/ppj.2002.71.73; URL: http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ppj.2002.71.73

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It might be concluded that Manik (V₁), T₁ (P. fluorescens 10⁹ c.f.u./ml) and Manik (V₁) x T₁ decreased bacterial wilt of tomato and increased fruit yield. So, V₁, T₁ and Manik (V₁) x T₁ might be used in controlling bacterial wilt and increasing yield of tomato.

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