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Seed Germination and Optimum Time of Transfer of Seedlings of Calamus Spp. from Seed Bed to Polyethylene Bag

M. Mohiuddin
Junior Research Officer
Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Sholoshahar, Chittagong

M. H. Rashid
Senior Research Officer
Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Sholoshahar, Chittagong

M. A. Rahman
Divisional Officer
Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Sholoshahar, Chittagong

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Seed germination and optimum time of transfer of seedlings of Calamus spp. from seed bed to polyethylene bag were studied. Seeds of C. latifolius Roxb. (Bhudum-bet) and C. guruba Buch.-Ham. (Jali-bet) sown under higher temperature (27-35⁰C) and humidity (90-95%) showed 42 and 71% germination within 12-13 weeks and 4-9 weeks respectively. Germination of C. latifolius seeds increased on removing the scaly epicarp and fleshy sarcotesta manually with ash. Seedlings of C. guruba of one to five weeks age when transferred from seed bed to polyethylene bag, showed significantly higher height growth up to five months compared to those transferred subsequenty.

Keywords: Seed germination, Calamus spp.,Optimum, Polyethylene bags

Location: Minor Forest Products Division Nursery, BFRI, Chittagong.

Start Date: 31-10-1984

End Date: 31-08-1986

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Cane

Objectives:

a) To determine the germination percentage and optimum transfer time of seedlings from seed bed to polybag.

Methodology:

Ripened fruits of C. latifolius and C. guruba were collected from Bandarban Forest and Hathazari village groves respectively. The former were divided into three lots. The scaly epicarp and fleshy sarcotesta of the fruits of one lot were removed manually on treating with ash (T₁), those of the second lot on treating with fine sand (T₂) and the rest were only decoated (T₃). The epicarp and sarcotesta of C. guruba fruits were removed manually only with ash (T₁). The T1 seeds of C. latifolius and C. guruba were sown in (a) nursery beds (MNB) comprising of 2:1:1 of forest top-soil, fine sand and moist sawdust and (b) in trays (MT) having 1:1 of fine sand and moist sawdust. The T₂and T₃seeds of C. latifolius were sown in the nursery beds only. In case of C. latifolius three replications of 50 seeds in each were given, whereas for C. guruba 100 seeds comprised each of three replications. The nursery beds were covered with bamboo mats where air temperature varied from 20-28^₀C. The trays were kept in a Fiber Glass Tent (FGT) in shade where relative humidity varied from 90-95% and air temperature ranged from 27-35⁰C. Germination percentage of cane seeds are generally poor and take time. Thus, to economize the use of polyethylene bag, seeds were first germinated either in tray or in nursery bed and then transferred to polyethylene bag for subsequent growth. Fifty sprouted seedlings, with single shoot, were transferred in polyethylene bags (23 cm x 15 cm) from the nursery bed after seven days of sprouting (A). The bags were filled with nursery soil and cow-dung (3:1). This process was repeated five times at an interval of 15 days. The seedlings from 2nd to 5th transfers were denoted as B to E respectively. The polyethylene bags were kept in open nursery after each transfer. The seedlings were measured three times during the period of observation for height growths.

Source of Information: Bano Biggyan Patrika Vol. 15(1 & 2): 21-24, 1986

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Seeds of C. latifolius and C. guruba sown in moistened medium (fine sand and moist sawdust in proportion of 1:1 by volume) where temperature (27-35⁰C) and relative humidity (90-95%) were showed maximum percentage of germination (42 and 71% respectively) and germination completed earlier (12-31 and 4-9 weeks respectively). Ash treated seeds of C. latifolius also showed better germination. Seedlings of C. guruba transferred within five weeks of sprouting showed better growth up to five months over those transferred thereafter.

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