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Effect of Variety and Plant Spacing on Growth, Yield and Seed Quality of Onion

M. A. Khan
Spices Research Sub-Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Magora, Bangladesh

M. A. Rahim
Professor
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was conducted to find out the effects of variety and plant spacing on plant growth, yield and quality of onion seed at Spices Research Centre farm, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Bogra during the period from November, 2002 to April, 2003. The experiment was carried out with three onion varieties viz. BARI Piaz 1, BARI Piaz 2 and BARI Piaz 3 and four plant spacing viz. 20 cm x 15 cm, 25 cm x 20 cm, 25 cm x 15 cm and 25 cm x 10 cm, The results of the study revealed that variety and plant spacing were significant on the growth, yield contributing traits, yield and quality of onion seed. BARI Piaz 2 produced the highest umbel diameter (5.50 cm), flowers per umbel (211.36) and seed weight per umbel (0.87 g), while the total seed yield was found to be the highest (545.12 kg) from the variety of BARI Piaz 1 due to the highest number of umbels per plant (3.36) and seed yield per plant (3.27 g). The highest yield per hectare (596.25 kg) was obtained from the closest spacing of 25 cm x 10 cm, while the seed yield per plant was the highest (2.87 g) in the widest spacing of 25 cm x 20 cm, The interaction effects of variety and plant spacing were not significant but the combined effects were significant. The quality of the seed was superior from the variety BARI Piaz 1 and wider plant spacing.

Keywords: Onion, Variety, Spacing, Seed, Yield, Quality

Location: Spices Research Centre farm, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Bogra

Start Date: 00-11-2002

End Date: 00-04-2003

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Onion

Objectives:

Objective of this study was to investigate growth and seed production ability for both quantity and quality in respect of variety and spacing on three BARl onion varieties.

Methodology:

The research work was carried out at Spices Research Centre (SRC) Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Bogra during the period of November, 2002 to April, 2003. Experimental materials were the bulbs of three BARI onion varieties. Bulbs weighing 10 ± 2g were collected from Spices Research Centre, BARl, Bogra from each lot of three onion varieties which were stored at ambient temperature (25.60-32.36°C). The two-factor experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The size of a unit plot was 4 m x 1.5 m. Bulbs were planted on November 6, 2002. Land was fertilized with well-decomposed cow dung 10 ton, urea 260 kg, TSP 260 kg and MP 150kg per hectare. The entire quantity of cowdung was applied just after opening of land. The total amount of TSP and half of MP were applied during final land preparation. Total amount of urea and remaining half of MP were applied in two equal splits of 30 and 45 days after bulbs planting as top dressing. Irrigation, mulching, weeding, earthing up, disease control, staking and other intercultural operations were done as per required. The matured umbels were harvested on different dates when about 15-20% of the fruit had black seed exposed (Vander Meer and Van Bennekom, 1968) within April 9 to April 20, 2003. Umbels were dried and threshed. Seeds were then cleaned and dried by spreading in the open sunlight until they reached safe moisture content (6-9%). Germination percentage of seeds was recorded in the laboratory of SRC, BARl, Bogra at ambient room temperature immediately after drying seeds with three replications. It was performed in TP (top of paper) method and in sterile Petridish. Data were collected on plant growth, yield components, yield and quality traits and analyzed statistically.

Source of Information: Progress. Agric. 16(1) : 19-23, 2005; ISSN 1017-8139

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Achievement/Findings:

The interaction effect of variety and plant spacing showed insignificant variation in relation to parameters studied but the combined effect showed a significant variation. However, BARl Piaz 1 with the widest spacing of 25 cm x 20 cm had showed the maximum seed yield per plant (3.58 g) followed (3.35 g) by the treatment combination of BARl Piaz 1 and the spacing of 25 cm x 15 cm. The highest seed yield per hectare (634.29 k g) was produced by the variety BARl Piaz 1 with the closest bulb spacing (25 cm x 10 cm) of planting followed (601.13 kg) by the variety BARl Piaz 2 having the closest spacing of planting.

Knowledge Management: Journal